VOL 74, No. 4 (2001)

Experimental data on the features of the flow of molten glass at the beginning of the cold part of the furnace behind the obstacle and in front of the working zone when using mixers on industrial glass furnaces are presented. It has been established that to eliminate coarse streaks and layers, it is necessary to increase the gradient of the flow rates of the molten glass by 2 orders of magnitude in comparison with natural homogenization. This is achieved most simply and effectively by mechanical stirring of the molten glass. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 11 titles.

The use of a plasma torch at various stages of glass production - synthesis, polishing, cutting and decoration is considered. The nature of the appearance of gas inclusions in glass during treatment with nitrogen and argon plasma has been investigated. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 18 titles.

The results of the studies carried out explain the mechanism of the physicochemical interaction of glass ingredients and barrier silica films and can be used to improve the reflective performance of glasses modified with sol-gel coatings. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 2 titles.

The number and shape of fragments of a damaged sample of tempered sheet glass were determined by means of an experiment. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 1 titles.

An original pilot plant for filters made of porous metals has been developed and implemented at the plant. The diagram and description of the installation, the principle of its operation are given. Practical recommendations are given. Tab. 1, ill. 2.

Complex chromium-containing oxides - chromium orthoborate and chromium (II) silicate - are synthesized in the combustion mode in one stage using solid oxidants. Tab. 1, ill. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.

The results of X-ray studies of shock-wave action on zincite and aluminum are presented. It was found that this results in the formation of aluminum oxide with a spinel structure (a = 7.953 E), zinc and zinc oxide with a cubic structure of the NaCl type (a = 4.265 E). 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 3 titles.

A lead-free low-melting boron-aluminate glass matrix has been developed. Some of its properties have been studied: average cohesion index, TCLE, crystallization ability. On the basis of the synthesized glass matrix, colored enamels were obtained, which were used for decorating artistic copper products. Tab. 3, bibliography: 3 titles.

The conditions for the formation of conductive coatings based on a composition containing aluminum powder and barium-aluminum borate glass have been studied. It is shown that the additional introduction of chromium oxide makes it possible to obtain, after heat treatment at 660 - 750 ° C, coatings with a specific surface electrical resistance of 0.05 - 0.50 Ohm h cm on various enameled substrates. Il. 3, bibliography: 2 titles.

Precipitation from solution synthesized tricalcium phosphate with a Ca: P = 1.5 ratio and a gross composition corresponding to the formula Ca ₃ (PO ₄) ₂ * 3H ₂ O, which is a hydroxyapatite with a defective structure and is an extreme member of a series of solid solutions between tricalcium phosphate Ca ₃ (PO ₄) ₂ and hydroxyapatite Ca ₁₀ (PO ₄) ₆ (OH) ₂. The state of water in the structure of the product and the features of its dehydration have been studied. The presence of crystallographically nonequivalent water molecules, which cause the stepwise nature of dehydration, has been established. Tab. 2, ill. 2, bibliography: 5 titles.

Data are given on the electroactivation of water and the use of its alkaline fraction - catholyte - in the preparation of liquid sodium silicate in order to accelerate this process and reduce the viscosity of the resulting product. As a result, the rate of silicate cooking increased by 2 times, and the viscosity decreased by 1.5 times. Tab. 2.

The problems associated with the need to ensure the competitiveness of enameled products are considered. Their solution is possible by reducing the high energy consumption of enamel production, reducing the number of rejects caused by the imperfection of the enamel coating formation process, partial replacement of natural raw materials with synthetic ones, and minimization of transport and procurement costs. Bibliography: 9 titles.