VOL 74, No. 7 (2001)

Based on the analysis of patent information, scientific and technical literature and developments of the Saratov Institute of Glass, a classification of protective nitrogen-hydrogen atmospheres by methods of their production has been compiled. The methods themselves are considered, and the main methods of cleaning gases from impurities are listed. A comparative analysis of the methods of obtaining a protective atmosphere is carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of each of them are revealed. Bibliography: 5 titles.

The process of cutting sheet glass with a carbide roller is considered. Using the methods of mechanics of contact interaction, a method has been developed for calculating the main parameter characterizing the glass cutting process - contact pressure. The proposed technique can be used to determine the stress state of glass during its cutting, as well as to analyze the process of cracking and optimize the modes of cutting glass with a hard alloy roller. Il. 1, bibliography: 7 titles.

The analysis of some parameters that determine the structure of glasses, which must be taken into account when designing the chemical compositions of microspheres, including molar volume, silicate modulus (in the case of silicate glasses), gas permeability coefficient, structure connectivity factor. In addition, an "internal porosity" parameter has been proposed. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 9 titles.

The possibility of using kaolins from the Zhuravliniy Log deposit as a source of unconventional raw materials, which has great potential both in terms of the quality of raw materials and in terms of reserves, is considered. The compositions of the materials obtained are given. Tab. 5, ill. 1, bibliography: 2 titles.

The effect of the compositions of zirconium dioxide - polymer (binder) on the quality of the selective microfiltration layer has been investigated. The modes of application of the membrane layer, its drying and firing have been worked out. The characteristics of the pore structure of the obtained membranes are presented. Tab. 2, ill. 2, bibliography: 6 titles.

The influence of mineralizers on the structure and properties of porcelain based on Bulgarian raw materials has been investigated. The optimal limits of additives, the nature of the processes occurring during the firing of the material have been determined. Products obtained using the developed technology exceed the requirements of the current standard in a number of indicators.

An equation is proposed for calculating the strength of intercrystalline corundum materials depending on the energy of intercrystalline boundaries and the size of the crystals. It is shown that with an increase in the crystal size, the strength of the material will be determined by the crystallography of the particles. It was experimentally established that with an increase in the content of Cr ₂ O ₃ in the addition of the Al ₂ O ₃ - Cr ₂ O ₃ - ZrO ₂ it is possible to increase the strength of corundum materials by creating conditions for a denser intergrowth of crystals. Bibliography: 9 titles.

A generalization of the compositions and a mathematical assessment of the influence of individual components on the properties of muffled boron-zirconium glazes are proposed. The obtained equations make it possible to calculate the TLEC, whiteness, gloss, microhardness of glazes according to their compositions, to compare the properties of known and developed glazes, to make assumptions about the mechanism of phase formation processes that determine the properties of glaze coatings. Mathematical models are based on the effect on the properties of glazes not of individual oxides, but of double and ternary compounds formed in boron-zirconium coatings. Tab. 1, ill. 5, bibliography: 3 titles.

The advantages of using gabbro rock, rich in calcium and magnesium oxides, in the production of ceramic tiles instead of raw materials containing calcium and magnesium carbonates are considered. It is shown that with the additional introduction of the breaking of facing tiles and an increase in the viscosity of the slip, it is possible to improve the quality of products and make the transition to a one-stage firing of glazed tiles. Tab. 1.

Heat-shielding glasses were obtained using electrostatic precipitators as a dust dye. The introduction of such a dye makes it possible to obtain glasses with different spectral characteristics. Tab. 3, bibliography: 6 titles.