VOL 80, No. 11 (2007)

The analysis of the general state of the glass industry in Russia at the present stage is presented. It is shown that in terms of the growth in the production of flat glass and glass containers, the glass industry takes one of the first places among all industries in Russia. Based on the identification of trends in further growth in glass production in Russia, a mid-term forecast of the consumption of the main types of resources - gas, electricity, sand, dolomite, soda, cullet - has been compiled. Tab. 1, ill. 4.

The role of transfer phenomena in the technological processes of glass production is noted. The features of the change in transport phenomena with changes in temperature and chemical composition of glasses for their molten and solid state are considered. The interrelation of transport phenomena is also considered. Glass-forming melts are highly viscous. The latter has a significant effect on transport phenomena associated with the movement of particles, which is expressed by certain ratios. The results of experimental and theoretical studies, reflected in the scientific and technical literature, are discussed from structural and technological positions. Tab. 1, ill. 4, bibliography: 25 titles.

It is shown that the introduction of small additives P ₂ O ₅ into silicate glasses, which do not cause damping and opalescence effects, significantly affects the dilatometric properties of glasses. This provides insight into structural changes and can be of practical value. Tab. 1, ill. 5, bibliography: 10 titles.

The use of unconventional raw materials in glass making is shown, and a study of their compositions is carried out. Bibliography: 3 titles.

Modeling of the structure of highly porous materials with a complex structure containing macro- and micropores, amorphous, crystalline phases and other heterogeneous inclusions is shown. Il. 3, bibliography: 1 title.

The relevance of the quantitative determination of glass color is noted and options for its measurement are considered. Tab. 2, ill. 1, bibliography: 5 titles.

The properties of the powder synthesized from calcium nitrate and ammonium hydrogen phosphate in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol have been investigated. It was found that the presence of PVA in an amount of 0.25 - 0.50% significantly affects the rheological and thermal properties of the powder. The microstructure of ceramics based on hydroxyapatite synthesized with PVA shows a tendency towards abnormal grain growth. Tab. 1, ill. 7, bibliography: 15 titles.

A technology for producing porcelain stoneware from natural materials of Uzbekistan has been developed. Investigations of the processes occurring during the heat treatment of porcelain stones from the Boynaksay deposit have been carried out. The optimal firing temperature, the composition of the ceramic mass, as well as the influence of individual components of the charge on the properties of porcelain stoneware have been determined. The kinetics of sintering of experimental masses has been studied. It is shown that by combining various types of mineral raw materials, it is possible to obtain porcelain stoneware with high thermomechanical characteristics. Tab. 3, ill. 1, bibliography: 3 titles.

Investigations by the methods of petrography of concrete aluminosilicate materials produced by the Semiluksky refractory plant, on a fireclay filler and an integral binder based on high-alumina cement, have been carried out. Microscopic studies have shown that as a result of the heat treatment of concrete up to 380 ° C in the binder, the dehydration processes are practically completed and in the samples fired at a temperature of 1000 ° C, the formation of a glass phase, mullitization and penetration of the binder into the filler chamotte are observed. After firing, the phase composition of the binder obtained from synthetic materials is similar to the composition of the clay binder of traditional fireclay firing materials. Il. 6, bibliography: 7 titles.