VOL 82, No. 9 (2009)

A method is proposed for calculating the composition dependence of various properties of three-component alkali-silicate glasses of the Na ₂ O - K ₂ O - SiO ₂ and Li _{systems 2} O - K ₂ O - SiO ₂, one of the components of which is the homogenizing alkaline oxide K ₂ O. As parameters in the calculation formula, the dependence of the corresponding properties on the content of alkali oxide in two-component alkali-silicate glasses is used: Li ₂ O - SiO ₂, Na _{2 O - SiO 2 and K 2 O - SiO 2. Comparison of the calculated and experimental data for density and refraction testifies in favor of the provisions that form the basis of the proposed model. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 6 titles.}

The preparation of fine powders of yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG), a starting material for ceramics, with the use of secondary aluminum butylate and crystalline salt hydrate - yttrium chloride hexahydrate - is considered. It was revealed that, depending on the synthesis conditions and temperature, solid products of various chemical forms are formed. The conditions for the synthesis of the YAG crystalline phase by heat treatment of the resulting precipitates at a temperature of & # 8805; 900 ° C. Il. 2, bibliography: 7 titles.

The processes of phase formation and structure formation in the Al - MgCO ₃ - SiO ₂ - C system during self-propagating high-temperature synthesis are considered. The dependences of the structure and phase composition of the resulting composite materials on the ratio of the initial components have been determined. The possibility of creating ceramic composite materials based on spinel and silicon carbide phases as a result of using the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis is shown. Il. 4, bibliography: 11 titles.

The possibility of synthesizing ceramic pigments based on industrial waste: nepheline sludge from alumina production, spent SVD catalyst, spent catalytic complex Ziegler - Natta has been studied. The use of the investigated materials makes it possible to reduce the cost of producing ceramic pigments. Using nepheline sludge and spent catalysts, overglaze paints and ceramic pigments in the sandy brown-olive range can be obtained. The synthesized pigments are also recommended for the volumetric coloring of ceramic masses in the production of building materials. Tab. 3, ill. 3, bibliography: 6 titles.

Compositions of glasses have been developed, which make it possible to obtain slag-silicates based on ash-and-slag waste from thermal power plants. The crystallization ability has been studied for the most optimal compositions. The temperature regime for melting these glasses was determined, which is 40 minutes at a maximum temperature of 1500 ° C. The obtained compositions of glasses can be used in the synthesis of slag glass-ceramic. Tab. 2, bibliography: 2 titles.

The possibility of using kaolins of the Ural-Siberian region in the technology of ceramic proppants has been investigated. The main selection criteria and physicochemical principles of using clay raw materials for obtaining high-strength aluminosilicate proppants have been established. Tab. 3, ill. 6, bibliography: 3 titles.

The biochemical nature of the gley formation process during aging of clay materials (GM), the factors of its occurrence, identification methods and its influence on the properties of GM are considered. It is shown that among the necessary factors are the moisture content of GM, the content of organic matter and natural microflora, as well as maintaining the optimum temperature during the aging period. To identify biochemical processes and determine the optimal duration of GM aging, a comprehensive assessment is proposed using color characteristics, the redox state of the medium and chemical criteria based on the ratio of forms of iron compounds. Tab. 1, bibliography: 23 titles.