It is shown that taking into account the shape and size ratio of particles using the percolation theory makes it possible to refine the assessment of the properties of ceramic and composite materials, for example, when creating porous highly refractory oxide materials to obtain ceramic rods with improved physical and mechanical properties. The calculation results using the refined technique are in good agreement with the experimental data.
A reduced prototype of a die for extrusion of ceramic bricks with the application of ultrasonic vibrations from a magnetostrictive transducer to the walls of the die was tested. Improved extruder performance. A complex improving effect on the microstructure of ceramics, drying properties, shrinkage, water absorption, density and strength has been provided, which makes it possible to reduce the requirements for clay plasticity. The test result indicates the feasibility of creating an ultrasonic die for industrial extruders.
A specific example shows the effect of firing conditions on the color characteristics and gloss of glazed porcelain surface after firing in a tunnel kiln. The whiteness of glazed porcelain is determined by the values ??of two indices: whiteness WI and shade Tw. It is shown that the porcelain whiteness index WI is closely related by feedback to the yellowness b * CIE L * a * b *, and the different shade T w - with the -a * (green) coordinate up to values ??that do not correspond to the permissible ... Gloss matches the glossy or high gloss surface of porcelain glaze
Nanosized additives (agglomerate size 30 ? 50 nm) of eutectic composition in the Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2
(63 - 37%, mole fraction) containing 4% Y 2 O 3 (over 100%). In the process of electric pulse plasma sintering of the obtained powder compositions, the temperature of the appearance of the liquid phase Tr = 1720 ° C was established, which is 140 ° C lower than the temperature of the eutectic in the Al 2 O 3 - ZrO 2 (Te = 1860? С)
The results of studying the microstructure of clinker ceramics of various chemical composition are presented, the data are systematized, and an explanation of the formation of the phase composition of ceramics in relation to the features of the production process and the properties of products is proposed. The data obtained make it possible to significantly facilitate the design of the composition of the charge, the prediction of the properties of products, the selection of the heat treatment mode, help to reduce rejects, as well as the selection of decorative coatings.
The conditions for the formation of phases in the Cu-Cr-O system with different technological background are analyzed. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray phase analysis methods. The conditions for obtaining CuCr 2 O 4 samples with the maximum amount of spinel, including a mild temperature regime and carrying out the process in one stage, are discussed.
The luminescence spectra of samples of baked kaolin are investigated. It is shown that the obtained radiation corresponds to the luminescence of Cr 3+ ions in mullite. The effect of the firing temperature and the mass content of chromium oxide on the emission spectra has been studied. The experimental dependences were used to determine the activation energy of mullite formation E a = 144 6 kJ / mol and the limiting solubility of Cr 2 O 3 in mullite, equal to 0.33%
The role of a mineralizing additive in high-carbonate masses during low-temperature firing has been established, which ensures a decrease in the crystallization temperature and an intensification of the formation of new phases of building ceramics based on clay raw materials of various chemical and mineralogical composition.
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Bench tests of the abrasion resistance of hard and superhard inserts have been carried out? hard alloy VK8, superhard composites based on cubic boron nitride PCBN and polycrystalline diamond PDC? for the manufacture of new types of high-performance mining tools. Comparative tests on fine-grained white granite with a strength factor of 15 units on the scale of prof. M.M. Protodyakonova and the subsequent assessment of the dependence of the area of ??the wear spot of the inserts on the volume of the removed rock showed that the abrasion resistance of PCBN inserts is 11.5 times higher, and PDC inserts is 80 times higher than that of VK8 carbide inserts.
