Impact glasses are naturally occurring amorphous materials formed by high-velocity meteorite impacts on the Earth's surface. This paper examines the structural features of a high-pressure variety of impact glasses from the Kara astrobleme. The nanostructural characteristics of the shock glasses in the 1…100 nm range were studied using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) of synchrotron radiation. The results demonstrate a bimodal distribution of nanoscale inhomogeneities. Large inhomogeneities (~60 nm) are interpreted as Fe- and Ti-rich nanoclusters formed as a result of liquation phase separation or partial crystallization of the melt. Small inhomogeneities (~10 nm) are identified as pores resulting from melt degassing during rapid decompression. Analysis of the SAXS curves using the Beaucage model revealed a hierarchical organization of the material: elementary building blocks (Rsub ? 4.7 nm) form nanoclusters with a mass fractal dimension Dm = 2.6, which in turn form large aggregates (Rg > 150 nm). The pore surface is characterized by a fractal dimension Ds = 2.82, indicating their roughness and non-equilibrium formation conditions.
Vasily V. Ulyashev – Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, scientist, Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
Alexander A. Veligzhanin – Candidate of Physics and Mathematics Sciences, head of Department, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
Tatiana G. Shumilova – Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, main scientist, Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
Sergey I. Isaenko – Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, senior scientist, Institute of Geology of Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia
Alexander L. Vasiliev – Candidate of Physics and Mathematics Sciences, head of the Laboratory, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia; Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)”, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region, Russia
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