VOL 89, No. 1 (2016)

An increase in glass strength can be achieved by modifying the surface layer. Considered: gradient glasses, in which the strength of the glass increases due to the difference in TCLE over the thickness of the glass; ion bombardment, in which large atoms are embedded (implanted) into glass in a strong electromagnetic field; protective coatings (temporary and permanent); chemical hardening. The considered methods provide an increase in the strength of glass by increasing the strength of its surface, without changing the bulk strength

A method has been developed for producing an optical fiber with a refractive reflective cladding formed in the process of drawing from a single-filter vessel as a result of the interaction of the glass melt of the light-guiding core with the die material. When using compositions of glasses with highly volatile components for the light-guiding vein to achieve the maximum correspondence of the compositions of the original glass and the light-guiding vein, the method provides for the creation of a polycrystalline or vitreous layer of the same composition over the surface of the molten glass during drawing

Optical absorption and up-conversion luminescence of oxyfluoride glasses of the SiO ₂ -PbO-PbF ₂ -CdF ₂ system coactivated with Yb ³⁺ -RE ³⁺ (where RE = Er, Tm, Ho, Dy, Pr or Tb). When excited by a laser diode in the IR range (960 nm), intense green, blue, and red luminescence was obtained. The color characteristics of up-conversion luminescence were determined using the CIE 1931 system. The efficiency of energy transfer from Yb ³⁺ ions to RE ³⁺ ions was determined, which was> 70% for RE = Er, Tm and Ho. For glass with Yb - Tb ions, the efficiency of cooperative energy transfer reaches 10%

On the example of a single optimization principle, the role of technological trends in the technologies used in improving the quality of the final product in the conditions of real ceramic production is considered. The dependence of the level of homogeneity of the final microstructure of a polycrystalline material on the probability of achieving the requirements imposed by the unified optimization principle for such technological stages as synthesis, molding of workpieces and their sintering is shown. On the example of nuclear fuel elements, ways of improving the quality and profitability of the production of ceramic products intended for operation in extreme conditions are considered.

The results of processing measurements of the TLEC and relative elongation of borosilicate glasses of two grades are presented. LK5 and Borofloat 33. The thermomechanical analyzer TMA7100 was used to measure the elongation of glass samples in the temperature range from 130 to 800 K (from ?143 to +526 ° C). The relative error of indirect measurements of TCLE and relative thermal elongation of glasses of both grades does not exceed ?5 and ?3%, respectively. Polynomial equations are presented that approximate the obtained measurement results as a function of temperature. The results obtained will facilitate the tasks of modeling the characteristics of microsystem technology devices manufactured using the anodic fit of silicon on glass, and they can also be used to optimize the temperature regime of silicon-glass bonding.

Flat membrane contactors have been obtained, which are ceramic disk micro-filtration membranes with a Co ₃ O ₄ layer applied. Such characteristics as the layer thickness, pore size distribution were determined, and the specific surface area of ??the substrate and the applied Co ₃ O ₄ layer was estimated. It has been shown that the obtained membrane contactors are suitable for carrying out liquid-phase catalytic oxidation of phenol under mild conditions, including wastewater.

The possibility of using wastes of concentration of iron ore deposits for the production of ceramic products has been investigated. The composition of ceramic masses, their properties and technological parameters of the production of articles are given. To improve the quality of products, nepheline concentrate was additionally used as an alkali-containing component.

Ceramics based on calcium phosphates are obtained from powders synthesized from aqueous solutions of calcium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium pyrophosphate and from a mixed-anionic solution containing both pyro- and ammonium orthophosphate at a molar ratio (NH ₄) < sub> 2 HPO ₄ / (NH ₄) ₄ P _2O7 equal to 1. Received ceramics contains biocompatible bioresorbable phases and can be used for the manufacture of implants used in regenerative methods for treating bone tissue defects. The use of synthesis from mixed-anionic solutions to obtain powders of calcium phosphates with a significant content of each of the anions is presented for the first time