VOL 77, No. 11 (2004)

A significant number of works devoted to the study of glass hardening during molding are systematized. The questions of the influence of the basic composition of glasses, their thermal transparency, temporary and structural factors on the hardening processes are considered. The article also reflects the productivity of glasses and the basic conditions for mechanized molding of glass products. Il. 3, bibliography: 30 titles.

The dynamics of the interaction of thin sol-gel films with acid solutions is shown. It was found that in this case two oppositely directed processes take place. Swelling increases and dissolution decreases the thickness of the coatings. The effect of acid concentration and etching duration on these phenomena is described. The change in the refractive index of the films after interaction with an aggressive medium is estimated and explained. Tab. 2, ill. 2, bibliography: 4 titles.

A new autoclave-free technology for producing liquid glass from lump silicate has been developed. A comparative analysis of glass made by the developed method with the product obtained as a result of autoclave dissolution has been carried out. It has been established that, in terms of technological properties, liquid glass produced by the proposed technology is similar to the product of autoclave dissolution. Tab. 2, bibliography: 5 titles.

A mechanism for the formation of a permeable structure of ceramics based on a granular filler and a fine-grained sintered binder is proposed. It is noted that the finely dispersed component reduces the permeability of the structure. It is shown that it is impossible to obtain a permeable structure of a granular structure in the case of using a binder of reaction-sintered silicon nitride. A permeable ceramic was obtained from granular powders, which makes it possible to exclude a fine-grained component from the volume of permeable channel pores. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 3 titles.

The rheological properties of clay from the Troitskoye deposit have been studied. It was found that the composition of these clays includes kaolinite, which is characterized by a disordered structure, which results in their increased viscosity and poor liquefaction. The introduction of clay from the Malo-Arkhangelsk deposit makes it possible to achieve a satisfactory flow time. Il. 6, bibliography: 2 titles.

The effect of various electrolytes (soda ash, water glass, sodium tripolyphosphate, carbon-alkali reagent), as well as their combinations on the rheological properties and electrokinetic potential of ceramic slip used for the production of souvenir shtoffs from polymineral clays of Belarus, has been studied. It was found that the maximum thinning effect of a ceramic suspension is achieved with the combined action of combined electrolytes due to the parallel flow of two processes in the system - cation exchange and physical adsorption of anions. Il. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.

The main properties of clay materials, which determine the method of making ceramic bricks, are revealed. The properties of ceramic masses based on Central Asian clays are optimized and recommendations on the technology of brick production are given. Tab. 7.

The properties and distinctive features of modern low-melting borosilicate glazes for building ceramics and special purposes are given. Tab. 1, bibliography: 2 titles.

It is shown that the use of rich local natural resources and available reserves to increase production efficiency, subject to structural transformations, will allow the porcelain and faience industry to get out of the crisis. The creation of a horizontal territorial association of mining and processing enterprises into an association is proposed, its main elements are highlighted. Tab. 1, ill. 2.