VOL 84, No. 3 (2011)

Sheet glass from different manufacturers or from the same production, but at different periods of their production, differ in color shade and total light transmission, which depends not only on the total content of iron oxide in raw materials and glass, but also on the displacement of the Fe (II) x; Fe (III). To ensure the high quality of glass melt, the technological process of melting and molding, it is necessary to stabilize the equilibrium state of various forms of iron. Specific recommendations for equilibrium stabilization and process control are given. Tab. 2, bibliography: 18 titles.

The possibility of producing heat-insulating glass-composite material based on slag waste from thermal power plants (foam slag glass) is considered. A series of foam slag glass compositions has been developed. The obtained samples were tested: determination of water absorption, specific gravity, apparent porosity, density, compressive strength. In the study of the strength properties of foam slag glass, the methods of optimal planning of the experiment were used. Tab. 2, ill. 3, bibliography: 4 titles.

The results of studies on the synthesis of ceramic pigments using silica gel and quartz sand are presented. The relationship between the temperature of synthesis and composition with the color characteristics of pigments has been established. The expediency of obtaining pigments using quartz sand is shown. Introduction of transition metal oxides (CoO, NiO, Fe ₂ O ₃, Cr ₂ O ₃), mineralizers ( H ₃ BO ₃, Na ₂ CO ₃, NaF) and modifiers (ZnO, CaO, MgO) obtained wide palette of pigment colors. Tab. 4, ill. 4, bibliography: 3 titles.

The reactions of synthesis of diopside ceramic pigments using natural minerals - talc and wollastonite are investigated. With a non-stoichiometric ratio of the starting components in two of the three reactions studied, the yield of the main reaction product, diopside, increases, while in the third reaction, a change in the stoichiometry of the incoming components leads to a decrease in the diopside content. It is noted that with a slight deviation from stoichiometry, the dominant crystal structure of the pigment changes, which entails a radical change in its color. Tab. 3, ill. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.

A new composite ceramic material based on corundum reinforced with multilayer carbon nanotubes (CNTs) obtained by catalytic pyrolysis has been developed. The modes of vacuum roasting and preliminary treatment of the initial charge have been worked out; the composition of the ceramic matrix, the concentration of CNTs and other technological parameters have been optimized. A uniform distribution of CNTs over the entire volume of the ceramic matrix is ??achieved. As a result, a composite with a network-frame structure of CNT distribution was obtained, demonstrating an increase in crack resistance by a factor of 1.5 - 2. Tab. 2, ill. 5, bibliography: 7 titles.

The use of pegmatite of the Chupinskoye deposit with admixtures of mica for the production of porcelain glaze may cause the formation of a "prickly" glaze defect. It was found that the introduction of calcined kaolin into the composition of the cobalt feldspar glaze reduces the likelihood of this defect formation. Tab. 1, bibliography: 4 titles.

A technical solution is presented that increases the efficiency of using racks of multi-tier trolleys for firing ceramics. The rack has a horizontal shelf in the form of a quarter of a square or disc and a vertical bearing profile. The profile for increasing heat resistance, reducing weight and saving furnace space is made hollow, in the form of two flat walls connected at an angle of 90 °, additionally connected by a vertical curvilinear concave wall. In order to increase the efficiency of the rack and the stability of the stack on its basis, the rectilinear edges of the rack are equipped with L-shaped protrusions vertically oriented along them to form lock joints with similar protrusions of the straight edges of adjacent supports, and the bearing section of the racks decreases stepwise with the height of the stack. Il. 4, bibliography: 6 titles.

Calculation formulas are given to determine the optimal power, taking into account the factors affecting the power and productivity of presses for molding clay materials. Friction resistance coefficients are recommended depending on plasticity and clay category. Il. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.

A high-temperature (up to 1400 ° C) stationary, sample-free gas analyzer "EKON-VT" (ZAO "Econ", Obninsk) has been developed, certified and put into production, designed to measure the oxygen content during various technological processes associated with the combustion of organic fuel , for example, in industrial kilns for ceramics firing, glass-making, waste incinerators, etc. The use of this device allows you to optimize the combustion mode of fuel, stabilize the parameters of the technological mode of ceramics firing, improve the efficiency of the furnace control and the quality of the ceramics produced. Il. 2.