VOL 84, No. 6 (2011)

A review of works on the colloidal coloring of glasses with metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles is carried out. The features of the technology and the nature of glass coloration are shown. The obtained experimental and practical results are discussed from the point of view of nanotechnology. Tab. 2, ill. 8, bibliography: 36 titles.

It was found that when heated in air to 1100 ° C, the mass of silica glass fiber decreases by approximately 11%. In this case, mainly water is released into the gas phase. In addition to water in the gas phase, hydrocarbons, carbon oxides, and molecular hydrogen were also found in low concentrations. The reason for the appearance of hydrocarbons can be molecules that are adsorbed on the surface of the fiber during their manufacture. The release of water at high temperatures is associated with the destruction of silanol groups. Il. 6, bibliography: 10 titles.

The structure and photocatalytic properties of ceramic membranes synthesized on the basis of amorphous potassium polytitanate intercalated with nickel ions have been investigated. It is shown that the phase composition of the synthesized ceramics depends on the firing temperature: at 650 ° C it is formed from NiTiO ₃, TiO ₂ and the residual potassium titanate amorphous phase; at 850 ° C - NiTiO ₃ crystals, mainly represented in the surface layer of TiO ₂ membranes, and a complex oxide of the composition K (Ti, Ni) O _16.5, which has a golandite-like structure and is represented mainly in the structure of the inner layers of ceramics. Tab. 2, ill. 5, bibliography: 10 titles.

The possibility of obtaining a transparent ceramic material based on yttrium oxide with the addition of scandium oxide and neodymium oxide has been investigated. The modes of heat treatment of the charge and roasting in vacuum have been established. A transparent ceramic material with a direct light transmittance of 68% in the visible region of the spectrum and a sintering temperature of 1800 ° C was obtained. Il. 7, bibliography: 5 titles.

The possibility of using stone casting in a new quality is considered, namely, as a replacement for natural material (marble, granite) for the manufacture of such art products as bas-reliefs, elements of architectural decoration of buildings, office and landscape gardening sculptures, etc. Table. 5, ill. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.

The results of the creation of thin-film ceramic coatings for fibrous metal sealing materials are presented. Their technological and physical-mechanical properties were investigated at temperatures of 700, 800, 900, 1100 ° C. Il. 3, bibliography: 3 titles.