VOL 84, No. 8 (2011)

It is shown that the principles of directed control of the process of forming the structure of materials by modifying their compositions with eutectic additives are valid not only for ceramics based on aluminum oxide, but also for ceramic materials based on ZrO ₂. The considered approaches to the creation of energy- and resource-efficient technologies serve as a reliable basis for intensifying technological processes, reducing costs, and improving the quality of finished products. On the basis of zirconium dioxide by introducing corundum and a eutectic additive in the CaO - ZnO - Al ₂ O ₃ - SiO ₂ system, a material with a fine crystalline structure has been developed , tensile strength in bending 800 ±; 30 MPa, with a sintering temperature of 1500 ° C, promising for use for structural purposes. Tab. 4, ill. 5, bibliography: 7 titles.

In the corundum-sillimanite form, after pouring a high-alloy alloy into it, the phase composition changes, and the chemical activity of the form increases. Investigations of the phase composition of distensillimanite after firing and after mold casting have been carried out. It is proposed to add alumina to distensillimanite and to bake the mixture at a temperature of 1643 K. This will cause the formation of mullite and have a positive effect on the quality of the mold. The new refractory powder can be used to form the facing layer of the ceramic mold. Il. 2, bibliography: 11 titles.

The technology of utilization of ash and slag waste and waste of oil shale in the production of mineral fibers using an electroplasma installation for melting silicate-containing materials and a scheme for additional heating of a jet of silicate melt at the outlet of the melting furnace is described. Research has been carried out on an electroplasma installation, raw materials and mineral fibers obtained on their basis. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 3 titles.

Optimal compositions of chemically resistant silicate composite materials (SCM) based on electrocorundum, which is a waste of the electrometallurgical production of niobium, have been proposed. The chemical composition of electrocorundum is established, X-ray phase, differential thermal analysis is carried out and the results of infrared spectroscopy are presented, an original composition of a ceramic mass based on electrocorundum is proposed, and the physicochemical properties of the obtained SCM are studied. The main characteristics of the material: chemical resistance - up to 99.9%, corrosion rate - 0.5-1 mm / year (resistant), water absorption - 4.4 - 5.4%, thermal resistance - 15-19, compressive strength - 8-16 MPa, shrinkage - 0.1 - 0.6%, abrasion - 0.01 g / cm ², adhesion strength - 0.5 - 0.6 Pa. Tab. 5, ill. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.

The main regularities of changes in the properties of ceramic samples obtained from compositions based on combinations of loam, refractory clays and metallurgical slag are considered. The phase composition and processes of structure formation of wall ceramics have been investigated with the help of modern high-precision equipment. The composition of the ceramic mass is given, which makes it possible to produce high quality facing ceramic bricks based on clay raw materials and waste from ferrous metallurgy. Tab. 3, ill. 2, bibliography: 4 titles.

The tendencies of further expansion of the field of application of tools with ceramic cutting inserts in modern metalworking are shown. A developed algorithm for controlling the performance of ceramic cutting inserts, focused on the creation of inserts for given operating conditions, is presented. Providing this algorithm with new methods and technologies will increase the interest of industrial enterprises in the wider use of tools with ceramic cutting inserts in metalworking. Tab. 2, ill. 6, bibliography: 9 titles.

The effect of a complex additive based on oxyethylidene diphosphonic acid, soda and water glass on the viscosity and thixotropy of the Stephan Schmidt clay suspension was studied. Using the method of a full factorial experiment, regression equations are obtained that describe the dependences of the structural and mechanical characteristics of the suspension on the composition and amount of the complex additive. Thinner formulations are recommended that provide minimum viscosity and thixotropy values. Tab. 3, bibliography: 4 titles.

The possibility of obtaining a foamed heat-insulating material at room temperature based on liquid glass with calcium-containing additives is considered. A method for regulating the process of gassing and hardening of a liquid glass composition by changing the silicate modulus of liquid glass is shown. Il. 2, bibliography: 12 titles.