VOL 85, No. 12 (2012)

A comparison of structural changes in porous glass that occur during thermal and "cold" compaction under the action of laser radiation is presented. Changes in the modified regions of different densification processes that occur during sintering of a porous glass plate with a microregion in a furnace are also compared.

The processes of glass formation and crystallization of melts of the Na2O - K ₂ O - CaO - MgO - Al ₂ O ₃ - Fe _{2 O 3 - SiO 2 - MnO 2 with different contents of Fe 2 O 3. The mechanism of glass crystallization is proposed from the point of view of the acid-base concept of silicate melts. The role of aluminum and iron ions is shown either as network-forming elements of the oxygen framework, or as modifiers as a result of a shift in acid-base equilibria with a change in the content of iron oxide.}

Sintering, phase composition, structure and properties of low-temperature fired porcelain from masses where quartz sand is replaced by marshalite or marshalite with diopside have been investigated. The sintering temperature of porcelain from the investigated masses is lower by 100 ° C (1150 ° C compared to 1260 ° C for the original mass).

The dependence of the rate of steel oxidation under the enamel film at the temperatures of its firing is considered. In the process of firing, in some places on the surface of steel samples, covered with a layer of enamel melt, in an air atmosphere, centers of intense metal oxidation with a pronounced dark color appear. If in such a focus the melt is enriched with oxides of variable valence until it acquires electronic conductivity, then the oxidation process spreads at a constant rate in the molten enamel over the entire surface of the metal. The rate of propagation of the oxidation process depends on the viscosity and composition of the melt.

The possibility and expediency of using the ash of incineration plants as a component of the charge (ash content up to 70%) for the production of glass materials for construction purposes is shown.

The directions of using gabbro-basalt raw materials for the production of mineral wool and the industry requirements for it are considered. The reasons for the instability of the quality and composition of raw materials are shown. Recommendations were given to producers for solving the raw material problem - preparation of their own deposits based on geological prerequisites, mineralogical and technological mapping of objects, organization of selective extraction of raw materials.

The possibility of obtaining basalt continuous fiber from unconventional rocks from different countries is shown. The main technological parameters of the production of continuous fiber from the main rocks with SiO ₂ content from 45 to 50% have been determined. The main physical and chemical characteristics of continuous basalt fiber have been investigated.