VOL 85, No. 7 (2012)

With regard to the zonal method for calculating external heat transfer, a method has been developed for determining the theoretical heat consumption for glass-making. The results of calculating the costs of heat for a glass-making container glass furnace with a capacity of 280-420 tons / day are presented.

Glasses and glass-crystalline materials of compositions (in moles) 2Bi ₂ O3; 3SiO ₂ and 2Bi ₂ O ₃; 3GeO ₂ were subjected to gamma radiation. The radiation doses were 10 ⁵ and 10 ⁶ rad. The absorption spectra, microhardness and refractive index of glass and glass-ceramic samples before and after irradiation have been investigated. It is shown that gamma radiation causes ionization of bismuth ions and crystallization of glasses. Bismuth-silicate glass ceramics are less susceptible to ?-radiation than bismuth germanate.

Based on the analysis of the conditions for the formation of quartz of various deposits, their structural, physicochemical properties, known technologies for the production of quartz grains, new operations and methods of performing known operations for purifying quartz grains are proposed. A comparison is made of the optical characteristics of quartz glasses melted by various methods of vacuum melting from natural and synthetic raw materials.

An overview of works on biological effects on clay materials and ceramic masses is presented. The main directions and differences in the technology of biological treatment are determined depending on the type of microorganisms, the method of obtaining and the composition of the culture liquid, the conditions and method of biological treatment, the material composition and natural cenosis of clay materials. The role of individual components of the culture fluid in changing biological and biochemical processes is shown. The experience of using bioprocessing in the ceramic industry is considered.

A comparative analysis of the features of the microstructure and mechanical properties of composite ceramic materials obtained from a nanosized powder of the composition Ce _0.1 Al _0.1 Zr _0.8 O _{2 < / sub> synthesized in three ways: in the presence of urea, in the presence of hexamethylenetetramine, using an aqueous solution of ammonia as the main agent. It was found that both the Ce 0.1 Al 0.1 Zr 0.8 O 2 powder, synthesized in the presence of hexamethylenetetramine, and made of this ceramic powder, has the best characteristics.}

The technique of modeling elastic electronic polarization of the representative of cordierite ceramics L-24 is considered. The results of simulation of the frequency dielectric spectra of oxide crystals of corundum and quartz, which are part of the L-24 ceramics, and the simulation of an industrial sample of this ceramics are presented.

A brief description of dental materials of various nature is given with an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. A promising direction in the field of dental materials science has become the development of silicate materials, which in recent years have become increasingly popular and recognized. Such materials are used both for the manufacture of dentures from monolithic blanks and by layer-by-layer application of their fine powders on metal substrates.