VOL 85, No. 9 (2012)

Earlier it was found that when high-speed particles of micrometeorites hit the quartz glass of the windows, the initial strength of the glass falls by more than 2 times. In order to assess the residual strength of glass, in this work, studies were continued to find criteria that would make it possible to give an indirect, but rather reliable, assessment of the morphology of forming defects. The identity of the destruction mechanism and the morphology of defects for glasses of various compositions have been proved.

A project for the production of glass granules intended for subsequent processing and its use in the technology of manufacturing foam glass is presented. The issues of increasing the energy efficiency of technological processes and reducing the prime cost of the charge prepared on the basis of diatomite are considered.

The analysis of the process of melting float glass in multi-tonnage glass-making furnaces has been carried out. The optimal values ??of the speed, duration of cooking and molten glass are determined. It is shown that the duration of glass melting is 48 - 72 hours and depends on the content of cullet in the batch. The chemical and structural homogeneity of the glass melt is maintained at a cooling rate of 10 - 12 & # 186; C / h and at a cooling time of 20 - 24 hours, which ensures the production of glass of optical quality.

A generalized analysis of the process of dissolution of solid particles in glass-forming melts is carried out. Data were obtained on the kinetics of dissolution of quartz grains, and the kinetic function was determined. The main directions of intensification of glass-making are considered.

The results of mathematical modeling of the thermal operation of a glass-melting furnace with a horseshoe-shaped flame with a capacity of 280 tons / day are presented. The possibility of achieving a specific removal of molten glass of 2.5 t / (m ² & # 46; days) and a specific heat consumption of 4563.8 kJ / kg with gas heating of the furnace without the use of additional electric heating of the melting basin is shown.

The interaction of a nanoscale coating with HCl solutions consists of two stages. I. The swelling of the coating is accompanied by an increase in its refractive index due to the replacement of air in the pores of the film with a more highly refractive solution and the leaching of low-refractive oxides from the coating penetrating from the glass substrate. II. Dissolution of the coating is accompanied by a decrease in its thickness and a decrease in the refractive index. The overall result is expressed in an increase or decrease in these indicators, depending on the dominance of these processes.

The processes of crystallization and sintering, occurring during firing, during the production of strontium-anorthite glass-ceramics by the method of powder technology, have been studied. The character of the influence of the dispersity of the initial glass powders and the temperature-time conditions of firing on the temperature and heat of crystallization, the nature of the precipitated phases, the temperature range and the kinetics of particle sintering is shown. It has been revealed that for the glass composition undergoing vitrification, there is a narrow range of powder dispersion, on the basis of which, using a multistage heat treatment regime, it is possible to obtain densely sintered materials of the required composition with high mechanical characteristics.