VOL 87, No. 1 (2014)

The effect of mechanical activation of the glass batch on the glass-making process and the mechanical strength of glass has been studied. It is shown that dry grinding of the charge to a specific surface area of ??1.1 m ² / g leads to a decrease in the temperatures of silicate formation and glass formation by 100 - 150 ° C. Mechanical activation of the glass batch provides an increase in glass strength by more than 2 times.

An energy-efficient method for creating composite materials based on SiC modified with oxide eutectic additives with high mechanical characteristics has been developed. The effect of the addition of ultrafine powder to industrial silicon carbide on the physical and mechanical properties of ceramics has been investigated. The ratio of silicon carbide and sintering additive was determined, and a dense material with low porosity and high strength was obtained. The resulting ceramics is a new structural material that is promising for use as body armor.

The influence of hydroxyl and other functional groups on mechanochemical interactions in oxide powders is shown. The regularities of non-covalent mechanochemical synthesis have been established. Phenomenological models are discussed and equations of kinetics of mechanochemical synthesis are presented.

By the method of traditional sintering of samples, formed by cold isostatic pressing, from nanosized powder Si ₃ N ₄ with additions of Al ₂ O _{3 and Y 2 O 3 ceramics with a dense nanoscale structure were obtained. The microstructure and density of the obtained ceramics are investigated. The technological conditions for the production of silicon nitride ceramics, which provide an optimal combination of a fine-grained submicron structure and high density, have been determined.}

The process of phase formation in the system of oxides NiO - CuO - Fe ₂ O ₃ - Cr ₂ O ₃ has been studied. It was found that in the presence of a mineralizer, the process of structure formation leads to the formation of two spinel-like phases of nickel ferrite and copper chromite. In the absence of a mineralizer, a solid solution of nickel-copper ferrite-chromite is formed. At a heat treatment temperature of 900 ° C, the presence of the delaphosite phase CuCrO ₂ was found in the samples.

The flowchart of a two-stage method for removing iron from the composition of porcelain stone is presented: with a combination of bio- and chemical reduction of iron under conditions of stagnant and water humidity regimes. The whiteness of the porcelain stone increases both after aging and after subsequent iron removal operations with a difference in their contribution: washing with ammonium oxalate & gt; magnetic separation & gt; rinsing with water.

Light-curing composite dental materials, consisting of an inorganic filler (glass), a polymer matrix, and a bonding layer, are considered. The requirements for them by modern therapeutic dentistry are indicated. The composition of the developed material is presented, as well as some technological aspects of its production. The study of the physical and mechanical properties of the developed composite material (strength, water absorption, depth of polymerization) showed that the values ??of these indicators are at the level of the best foreign analogues.

The problems of creating high-temperature composite materials used in aviation, rocket and space technology, methods of their production, as well as their advantages over technologies widespread abroad are considered.