VOL 89, No. 7 (2016)

The processes of glass powder melting, carbonate blowing agent decomposition and melt porization at different heating rates were investigated in order to identify the most optimal parameters of the technological process during the formation of foam glass. It is shown that a high heating rate is most preferable from the point of view of both reducing the duration of heat treatment and the efficiency of foaming.

The possibility of increasing the dielectric characteristics of ceramics by introducing nanosized particles of pyrogenic silicon dioxide (aerosil) into the charge is considered. It is shown that the introduction of this additive at a mass content of 5% leads to an increase in strength characteristics, a decrease in open porosity and water absorption, as well as an improvement in dielectric parameters in the centimeter microwave range.

Materials with a nanosized oxide additive of yttrium aluminum garnet were obtained by the method of liquid-phase sintering. Sintering of materials based on SiC and Si ₃ N ₄ was carried out at temperatures 100 ° C below the sintering of materials with the addition of micron-sized oxide powders. High mechanical properties were obtained: & # 963; _bend = 540 MPa, K1C = 5.5 MPa m1 / 2, НV = 20.1 GPa for materials based on SiC and & # 963; _out = 650 MPa, K1C = 6.4 MPa m1 / 2, НV = 17.2 GPa for materials based on Si ₃ N ₄

The results of studies of the rheological characteristics of slurry suspensions based on alumina intended for the manufacture of ceramic filters are presented. It is shown that the replacement of water used as a technological binder in slips with an aqueous solution of carbamide and aluminum oxychloride leads to an improvement in the formability of the workpieces and an increase in the mechanical characteristics of ceramic materials. The ranges of the ratios of the solid (sintered powders) and liquid (technological binder) phases have been determined, at which coagulation and direct contacts are formed in the slips between the particles of the solid phase

The analysis of the existing dependences describing the capillary absorption of liquid in porous materials is carried out on the basis of an ideal model and data of mercury porosimetry. It is shown that when passing from the hydraulic radius of an ideal model to the hydraulic radius of a capillary-porous material, it is necessary to take into account the tortuosity of capillaries and the effect of their narrowing (expansion), the effect of temperature increase associated with the sorption of water vapor, the effect of changing the viscosity of water depending on the hydraulic radius of the capillary. A quantitative assessment of these effects was carried out using experimental data. On this basis, a formula has been proposed for determining the hydraulic radius of the porous structure of ceramic materials for building products

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A method is presented for obtaining silver-containing iodine sorbents by applying silver to porous cellular ceramics by chemical reduction from a solution and then converting it into an oxidized form. The thermal stability of some silver compounds has been studied. An assessment is made of the sorption capacity of the obtained composite sorbents containing various silver compounds in relation to radioactive methyl iodide

Compositions of ceramic masses for the production of clinker products based on unenriched kaolin and nanotechnogenic raw materials in the form of alkaline etching sludge of aluminum and its alloys of the Samara Metallurgical Plant have been developed. Clinker ceramic products have been developed that differ from other ceramic materials in higher mechanical strength and other physical and mechanical indicators.

vanadium-containing glaze coatings, structure, chemical composition, phase composition