VOL 90, No. 3 (2017)

The results of the successful application of the method of laser controlled thermal cleavage (LUT) for precision cutting of glass, ceramics and other brittle non-metallic materials are presented. Other varieties of the LUT method are considered: laser chamfering, laser parallel thermal splitting, drawing optical grids and strokes.

It is proposed to conduct the conditioning of the molten glass in the feeder channel of the glass-making furnace on the surface of molten copper. It is shown that this will make it possible to reduce the thickness of the molten glass layer, increase its thermal homogeneity, reduce fluctuations in the level of molten glass and improve the quality of the products. Issues of interaction of molten copper with glass mass and atmosphere of feeder channels are considered.

A reduced prototype of a die for extrusion of ceramic bricks with the application of ultrasonic vibrations from a magnetostrictive transducer to the walls of the die was tested. Improved extruder performance. A complex improving effect on the microstructure of ceramics, drying properties, shrinkage, water absorption, density and strength has been provided, which makes it possible to reduce the requirements for clay plasticity. The test result indicates the feasibility of creating an ultrasonic die for industrial extruders.

A specific example shows the effect of firing conditions on the color characteristics and gloss of glazed porcelain surface after firing in a tunnel kiln. The whiteness of glazed porcelain is determined by the values ??of two indices: whiteness WI and shade Tw. It is shown that the porcelain whiteness index WI is closely related by feedback to the yellowness b * CIE L * a * b *, and the different shade T _w - with the -a * (green) coordinate up to values ??that do not correspond to the permissible... Gloss matches the glossy or high gloss surface of porcelain glaze

Presented are the results of the development of the composition of the charge and the selection of the firing temperature for the production of glass-ceramic material in order to obtain coordinated joints with molybdenum due to the close value of the TLEC. The use of broken sheet glass as a binder in an amount of 30% and firing at 1000 & # 176; С is substantiated.

The study of the effect of a number of additives on the rheological properties of clay has been carried out. The change in the limiting dynamic shear stress and plastic viscosity as a function of the concentration of complex additives is considered. The possibility of using technical lignosulfonate as one of the components of a complex thinning additive for clays is shown. It was found that the use of lignosulfonate in combination with sodium tripolyphosphate improves the casting characteristics of the ceramic mass.

The kinetics of pore formation processes in pressed products of the system cullet? Clay? colemanite, fired at different heating rates. It has been established that moderate heating rates (2.5-3 & # 176; C / min) bring the processes occurring during firing closer to equilibrium and provide, already at 680 & # 176; C, the production of glass-crystalline materials with a uniform fine-pored structure and satisfactory properties and make it possible to maintain shape of products

The conditions for obtaining and the regularities of changing the color parameters of ceramic pigments in the system CaO-MgO-Al ₂ O ₃ -SiO ₂ -Cr ₂ O ₃. The main phase of such pigments is chrome garnet, which is formed with the direct participation of blast-furnace slag minerals. It has been shown that with an increase in the acidity of pigment mixtures by equimolecular replacement of free silicon dioxide in their composition with phosphorus (V) oxide, the purity and intensity of the green color of uvarovite pigments increase, and their firing temperature also decreases to 1100... 1150 & # 176; С

The possibility of producing expanded clay gravel based on clay from the Bainovskoye deposit is considered. Compositions and main technological parameters of expanded clay production with the required physical and mechanical properties have been developed