VOL 93, No. 4 (2020)

The mechanism of interaction of short-pulse laser radiation with glass and an immersion liquid in which the workpiece to be processed is immersed has been investigated.

The synthesis and properties of a porous glass composite obtained on the basis of cullet powder at temperatures not exceeding 100 ° C using aluminum powder and liquid glass are considered. It is shown that silicon carbide or a mixture of silicon carbide with gallium arsenide, which is the product of polishing of semiconductor production, can be used as a modifier of the composition. It was found that the introduction to the composition 32 & # 37; waste allows to obtain a porous glass composite with a density not exceeding 600 kg / m ³, and a compressive strength of not less than 1.7 MPa. The introduction of modifiers promotes better foaming and has a positive effect on the coefficient of the structural quality of the material. The results of the studies carried out expand the areas of application and the raw material base for the production of porous glass composites

A number of charge compositions have been developed on the basis of quartz sand of the Chalgan deposit, gaize of the Botchinsky deposit, slag of the Artemovskaya TPP and diatomite of the Chernoyarsk deposit. The density and porosity of the synthesized samples have been determined. An analysis of their microstructure has been carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the suitability of these raw materials for the synthesis of porous silicate materials (foam glass)

Highly pure quartz of the Ural type is a world-class raw material source for melting transparent quartz glass with unique characteristics: the total content of all impurity elements (Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Ti, Li, B, Cr, Ni, Mn , Cu) in enriched quartz concentrates does not exceed 10 ppm, and the content of the sum of alkaline elements (Na, Li, K) is in the range of 0.37 - 0.94 ppm. These indicators were achieved due to the natural features of quartz of metamorphogenic-metasomatic genesis and the enrichment schemes developed for it. Resources of this type are concentrated within the Kyshtym granular quartz deposit in the Urals

Powder of calcium carbonate CaCO ₃ (calcite) with a particle size of 100-200 nm and a shape close to isometric was obtained by heat treatment at 600 ° C of a product synthesized from a 2M aqueous solution of citric acid H < sub> 3 C ₆ H ₅ O ₇ & middot; Н ₂ О and commercial calcium carbonate powder CaCO ₃ (calcite) with a particle size of 1 - 4 microns of a prismatic shape. The sequence of chemical transformations of CaCO ₃ & # 8594; CaC ₆ H ₆ O ₇ 3H ₂ O / Ca ₃ (C < sub> 6 N ₅ O ₇) 2 & middot; 4Н ₂ O & # 8594; CaCO ₃ allows you to change the properties (size and shape) of the calcium carbonate powder CaCO ₃. Due to these properties, the obtained highly dispersed CaCO ₃ calcite powder can be recommended as a filler for obtaining unique composites with inorganic (glass, ceramic, cement) or polymer matrices.

The results of studies of the structural-phase state and physicomechanical properties of coatings of the Al-Si-N and Zr-YO systems with a thickness of 3 ?m, obtained by the method of pulsed magnetron deposition on the surface of single-crystal m-Si, are presented. In the course of the studies carried out, it was found that the light transmission coefficient in the visible region of the spectrum for coatings Al-Si-N and Zr-YO reaches 83 and 78 & # 37; respectively. The results of the study of mechanical properties showed that the crack resistance of m-Si samples with protective coatings is 2-3 times higher than that of the original silicon samples. The results of laboratory tests of the resistance of the studied samples to shock loads when interacting with a flow of high-speed (5 - 7 km / s) solid microparticles of Fe showed that the deposition of protective coatings 3 ?m thick on m-Si samples makes it possible to suppress the processes of erosion of the surface of the latter by preventing the formation of small craters

An energy- and resource-saving technology has been developed for producing decorative plasma coatings on sheet glass using finely ground glass powders based on colored glass containers and broken glass. The possibility of using exhaust plasma-forming gases for preheating sheet glasses before plasma spraying of finely ground glass powders has been substantiated and practically confirmed. A number of operational and physical and mechanical characteristics of sheet glasses with sprayed coatings have been investigated.

A study of the change in the state of the polished surface of optical glasses of STK19 and OF4 grades by ellipsometry, IR spectroscopy and measurement of sample roughness under the influence of the environment has been carried out. It is shown that the state of the surfaces changes immediately after the completion of polishing and does not change during the entire holding period. Changes in external conditions (temperature and humidity) lead to a further change in the state of the surfaces. The surface treatment of optical glasses in HMDS vapors prevents the penetration of corrosion into the glass and prevents an increase in roughness

On April 8, 2020, a world-class scientist, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Stepanovich Kondratenko celebrated his 70th birthday!
V. S. Kondratenko is the creator of a new scientific direction in the field of precision processing of a wide class of multifunctional materials, based on the developed methods of laser controlled thermal cleaving of brittle materials, laser welding of quartz glass with deep penetration, as well as chemical-mechanical grinding and polishing using new types of bonded diamond abrasive tool. The method of laser controlled thermal cleavage confidently holds the palm in the performance of separation of brittle non-metallic materials.