Steklo i Keramika (Glass and Ceramics). Monthly scientific, technical and industrial journal

 

ISSN 0131-9582 (Online)

The results of obtaining hollow glass microspheres and their effect on the properties of facade water-dispersion paints and varnishes when replacing titanium oxide and calcium carbonate in the formulation with an equivalent volumetric number of spheres are presented.
The features of the action of focused femtosecond laser pulses on antimony-silicate glass of the composition 25Sb 2 O 3 & middot; 75SiO 2 & # 37; (molar content) in thermal and non-thermal modes. It has been established that, in contrast to quartz glass, alkali silicate and some borosilicate glasses, in the laser-modified regions of the studied glass, there is no shape birefringence characteristic of the formation of nanolattices. When exposed to 106 pulses with an energy of more than 100 nJ and a repetition rate of 10 and 200 kHz, weak birefringence occurs in the modified regions, the slow axis of which is parallel to the plane of polarization of the recording laser beam, accompanied by the precipitation of crystalline phases, which most likely include the cubic modification Sb 2 O 3
Considered two types of glass blemish & # 171; black dots & # 187; - chromite and silicon. Methods for establishing their nature and the most probable reasons for their appearance are presented.
The features of the action of a femtosecond laser beam on antimony-containing lithium-aluminosilicate glass and glass-ceramic obtained from it by heat treatment with a coefficient of thermal expansion close to zero in a wide temperature range are studied. Both in the non-thermal and thermal regimes of laser action, a local decrease in the refractive index in the regions of the sitall modified by the laser beam was demonstrated, which in the non-thermal regime reaches 0.002. The main reason for the decrease in the refractive index, most likely, is the partial amorphization of the crystalline phase of & # 946; -eucryptite
Complex studies of phase separation in borosilicate glasses synthesized in the system of materials soda-colemanite-quartz sand have been carried out. Areas of glasses resistant to crystallization and glasses prone to phase separation have been established, the possibility of using a complex raw material of colemanite in obtaining transparent or muffled glasses in the mass has been proved, the boundaries of the content of raw materials in the material compositions of glass mixtures have been recommended.
The possibility of using plasma technologies in glass production is considered. On the example of the synthesis of lump silicate in a plasma glass-making furnace, the features of the glass-making process are presented. The possibility of using exhaust plasma-forming gases for heat treatment of a granular charge is shown.
The results of studies of alkaline borosilicate glasses, which are designed to attenuate microwave electromagnetic radiation and have high thermal stability, are presented. The influence of the chemical composition of the experimental glasses on their LTEC and the value of the electrophysical properties (absorption index and standing wave ratio) has been established. Based on the research results, the composition of glass was determined, which is characterized by the required thermal stability and the value of absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range of at least 0.7 dB / mm. The proposed composition of glass can be recommended for the manufacture of products used as radiation shielding
Structural parameters of glass membranes are analyzed depending on their porosity on a model of non-intersecting tortuous capillaries commonly used by specialists, and it is shown that the expression for the average pore radius is not accurate. A more accurate method is proposed for calculating the structural parameters of glass membranes using a model of randomly located spheres for a cavernous medium and a model for powder materials. This made it possible to additionally obtain the average coordination number and radius of spherical pores, as well as the average radius of the throats of spherical pores of membranes.
A highly efficient method of laser removal of indium oxide films doped with tin In 2 O 3 (Sn) from the surface of soda-lime-silicate glass used for the manufacture of glazing products for railway transport has been proposed. This method makes it possible to increase the productivity of work tenfold without deteriorating the strength characteristics of transport structural glass products while reducing the harmful environmental impact of production on the environment.
The results of a study of the physical and mechanical characteristics of fiberglass modified with carbon nanotubes are presented. An epoxy binder was chosen as a polymer matrix; glass fibers were used as a macroscopic filler. Multilayer carbon nanotubes were used as a modifying additive. The analysis of the mechanical characteristics of polymer composites is carried out depending on the geometric parameters of carbon nanotubes.