A phosphate-based laser glass with various concentrations of Nd 3+ ions has been synthesized, the composition of which provides enhanced melting properties and the possibility of obtaining optically homogeneous glass in small-volume crucibles. The set of the main spectral-luminescence characteristics of the obtained glasses is determined and it is shown that this matrix provides a long luminescence duration and a high quantum yield in a wide range of Nd 3+ concentrations. Taking into account good cooking and working properties, this matrix composition seems to be useful in the development of new laser materials with a modified luminescence band due to activation by various rare-earth elements and modification of the matrix with highly polarizable cations.
Is it possible to reduce energy consumption in the production of glass containers by reducing the melting temperature of glasses by partially replacing traditional raw materials with alternative silicon-containing raw materials? porcelanitis. The chemical, phase and granulometric composition of porcelanite, as well as the performance properties of experimental glasses, have been investigated. A comparison of energy consumption for melting experimental glasses based on porcelanite and traditional raw materials is carried out.
The possibility of eliminating the alkali-silicon reaction (ASR-interaction) in foam glass due to the crystallization of the glass is considered. It was found that devitrite (Na 2 Ca 3 Si 6 O 16 ), octahedral phase (Na 4 CaSi 3 O 9 ) and cristobalite-tridymite modifications of SiO2. The binary glass-crystalline composition of the foam shows a significant reduction in ASR interaction. Slab glass foam crystallite (? Penosital ??) can be glued, plastering with a cement-sand mortar, covered with finishing polymer plasters. Granular foam can be successfully added as a lightweight filler in concrete without destroying it.
The results of studies of the resistance of basalt fibers of various chemical and mineralogical compositions to aggressive media are presented. Their high chemical resistance to water, acids and alkalis has been shown. A parameter is proposed for predicting the chemical resistance of fibers depending on the content of metal oxides in glass. The most reliable results are obtained by the method for determining the change in the strength of fibers after their processing in aggressive media.
The effect of small additions of zirconium concentrate with an average particle size of 30 nm on the physical and mechanical properties of foam glass is considered. It was found that the introduction of zirconium dioxide into the foaming mixture leads to a change in the macrostructure of the foam glass and an increase in the average pore size to 2.5 mm. Nano-sized ZrO 2 reduces the melt viscosity during foaming. Optimal from the point of view of mechanical properties is the mass content of zirconium dioxide 0.3%. The strength of the foam glass increases in the presence of nanosized particles up to
1.4 MPa in comparison with the strength of the original foam glass of 1.1 MPa. A further increase in the mass content of zirconium dioxide to 1.1% reduces the strength to 0.5 MPa
A sequence of operations for the manufacture of quartz glass samples from natural highly enriched raw materials and synthetic silicon dioxide is described and implemented. The main attention is paid to the purification of raw materials and maintenance of the finishing regime during the glass manufacturing process. It is shown that it is preferable to use synthetic raw materials to obtain quartz glass with a low value of internal friction.
With the help of morphological and electron probe microanalysis, it was found that one of the defects of glass melt in the production of continuous glass fiber, causing increased breakage, are inclusions of molybdenum disulfide, which is formed as a result of sulfate corrosion of electrodes. The source of defects can also be salt deposits, condensing on sub-flare refrigerators, consisting mainly of sodium chloride and sulfofluoride and refrigeration corrosion products? nickel and copper compounds
Medicine needs means of targeted drug delivery. Microbeads have a wide range of applications in medicine and are used as a means of delivering radiation to human internal organs and drugs. The review describes methods for the production and use of glass microspheres, including radioactive ones, for the needs of medicine.
Using vibrational spectroscopy methods, a different effect of the addition of titanium on the structure of glasses of the K 2 O? B 2 O 3 ? SiO 2 , differing in the ratio of boron and alkali metal content in their chemical composition. The obtained result reflects the change in the structural role of titanium in glass and is important for assessing the effect of adding titanium on the properties of alkaline borosilicate glasses in the process of improving matrix glassy materials used in the immobilization of radioactive waste.
The main types of glass staining, redox interactions are considered. Kinetic dependences are given, the conditions for the implementation of processes with the participation of dyes in the charge and melt, during glass hardening in the process of forming products, are analyzed. The spectral characteristics of industrial glasses are analyzed. The possibility of assessing the light-shielding characteristics and thermal transparency of colored glasses used in the production of glass containers is shown.
