Steklo i Keramika (Glass and Ceramics). Monthly scientific, technical and industrial journal
ISSN 0131-9582 (Online)
ISSN 0131-9582 (Online)
The publication presents general information about calcium zirconate and the physical/chemical characteristics of products based thereon. The main fields of application of ceramic and refractory materials based on CaZrO3 are also considered.
In the present study, we presented a review progress in sol-gel method for the synthesis of powders of ferroelectric ceramics of the PbTiO3–PbZrO3 system, based on the controlled hydrolysis of mixtures of salts or organometallic compounds of lead, zirconium, and titanium. To obtaining materials of the PbTiO3–PbZrO3 system, the main attention is paid to the sol-gel conditions, the heat treatment conditions, the raw materials, the obtaining the precursor conditions, the gels drying, and the PbTiO3–PbZrO3 powder crystallization.
Using glass as a structural element that could obtain the role of the primary load-bearing elements of iconoclast structures has had a superficial history. Because of its aesthetic and admissible mechanical properties, glass has been considered one of the structural elements in the construction industry. Because of its extra safety, laminated glass on top of the most widely used elements has been appraised with more depth. The study aimed to evaluate the failure modes in laminated glass and the possibility of detecting the pre-failure status of the surveyed elements, referring to the proffered approaches and image processing (IP) procedures in the literature. The outcomes have compared the peculiarity and strength points of various routes and have reached the inference for proper approaches in every procedure. According to the results, image processing (IP) is the most appropriate method of pre-failure detection in load-bearing laminated glass elements. Among the image processing (IP) techniques, digital image correlation has the widest application. The results of this study, in combination with other pieces of research, may propound a database for evaluating the failure status of glass structures.
The chemical resistance of glasses in the PbCl2–PbO–B2O3–NdF3 system has been studied. Oxochloride lead-borate glasses have demonstrated good water resistance and alkali resistance, while low acid resistance. Volumetric glass samples were exhibited in the tropical climate of Southeast Asia during the year. The spectral-luminescent characteristics of neodymium ions in these matrices maintain good stability in a tropical climate.
The possibility of using waste from the enrichment of ferruginous quartzites of KMA is considered. The chemical composition of waste from Lebedinsky GOK has been investigated. It has been established that the main components of the waste are quartz, magnetite, as well as dolomite, calcium and magnesium carbonates. It is shown that the chemical and granulometric composition of waste is characterized by stability, which allows them to be used as a corrective additive to ceramic masses in the production of wall ceramics.
The purpose of this work is to obtain ceramic filter materials as substrates and to develop a methodology for their application for the study of biological objects by electron microscopy. The composition, structure, pore sizes and morphology of ceramic substrates made of foamed silicate before and after the application of inverse opals made of silicon oxide were evaluated by X-ray phase analysis and SEM methods. A description of the use of the obtained filtering substrates in an experiment with biological objects is given. The substrates seem promising for electron microscopy, because they can be used for sample preparation of biological samples with the use of metal spraying or the introduction of ionic liquid. This technique, together with the filtering porous material and the technical capabilities of the microscope, preserves the physical characteristics of biological objects unchanged.
The article investigates the high-temperature interaction and sintering processes of samples of high-alumina masses of low-temperature firing for technical ceramics based on the ternary system kaolin–alumina-containing component–dolomite and establishes the areas of formation of high-alumina mass for technical ceramics on the triple diagram. It is shown that as a result of high-temperature interaction, new formation of crystalline phases of minerals occurs in the form of mullite, corundum, ?-cristobalite, as well as in a small amount of anorthite and an amorphous glassy phase, which impart the necessary physical and mechanical properties to the fired sample. The area of optimal compositions for obtaining high-alumina ceramic masses of low-temperature sintering based on the ternary system kaolin–alumina-containing waste–dolomite has been determined.
