VOL 85, No. 5 (2012)

The results of studies of the thermal stability of float glass samples with modified surfaces are presented. The nature of glass destruction during testing is shown. It was found that the thermochemical treatment of float glass surfaces with some reagents increases the value of heat resistance and significantly reduces the scatter of values.

The main reasons for the occurrence of defects when cutting glass are given: breakage not along the cut and breakage during cutting. The main attention is paid to the residual stresses in the glass, the reasons for the defects associated with the equipment are highlighted. The existing method for monitoring residual stresses in glass and its disadvantages are considered. The reasons for the problems arising during glass cutting are shown.

The basic principles of technology in relation to the glass-making process are considered. The determining role of viscosity is shown. The principles of the best use of raw materials and materials, the driving force of processes, energy resources, units and equipment, while observing technological proportionality, were discussed from the physical, chemical and technological positions. From the standpoint of chemical technology and basic technological principles, promising directions in the development of designs for glass-melting furnaces are briefly considered.

The factors influencing the process of obtaining transparent ceramic materials are analyzed. Methods for obtaining materials based on yttrium oxide and yttrium-aluminum garnet, transparent in the visible region of the spectrum, are shown. The modes of heat treatment of materials were established both in air and in vacuum. Mechanisms have been developed for creating a composite transparent material that combines the properties of its constituent oxides. The material obtained has high thermal resistance, thermal conductivity and light transmission in the visible region of the spectrum.

The results of X-ray phase, differential thermal, thermogravimetric, infrared spectroscopic analyzes of diatomite from the Inzenskoye deposit are presented, as well as the results of experimental cooking of glass granulate based on diatomite.

The issues related to the solubility of glass-crystalline materials based on calcium phosphate glasses in water and solutions imitating the physiological environment of a living organism are considered. Revealed the relationship between the level, nature and size of pores in the material and its solubility. Recommendations are given on the use of the developed materials in medical practice.

The features of the design of the aspiration system for dosing and mixing lines are considered and various technical solutions are presented that increase the efficiency of the joint operation of aspiration and technological equipment in the production of glass batch.

A method for calculating the boundary conditions of heat transfer through the masonry of glass-melting furnaces is presented. The average values ??of the heat transfer coefficients and heat fluxes for the main structural elements of the furnace have been determined. A database has been formed for mathematical modeling of the thermal operation of furnaces.

The influence of the quality of such a main component of the charge as cullet on the final product - float glass is shown. The analysis of the quality of cullet (own and imported), the constancy of its quantity loaded into the furnace, for the quality of float glass was carried out. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that it is necessary to create centralized production facilities for the collection and processing of float glass scrap using advanced technology and high-performance equipment to provide high-quality cullet for the glass industry enterprises of the Russian Federation.