VOL 86, No. 2 (2013)

The data on the synthesis of lead-free glasses for high-quality dishes are presented. Glasses of the SiO ₂ - SnO ₂ - BaO - CaO - Na ₂ O - K ₂ O system at mass SnO content ₂ 2 - 10%. The effect of the combined introduction of BaO and SnO ₂ on the crystallization ability, density, LTEC, refractive index, microhardness of glasses has been studied. For high-quality sorted glasses, compositions with a BaO content of 6 - 8% and SnO ₂ 4 - 6% are recommended. The refractive index of the obtained glasses is 1.540 - 1.550, microhardness 3700 - 4900 MPa, TLEC - (95 - 98) * middot; 10 ^-7 K ^-1.

The results of determining the high-temperature (up to 1500 ° C) strength in compression (by the example of lightweight fibrous blocks) and bending (dense oxide ceramics) are presented. The measurements were carried out on an Instron 5882 universal setup equipped with a high-temperature resistance furnace.

The main technical characteristics of composites based on pyrophyllite and raw materials from the Kul-Yurt-Tau deposit using phosphate binders have been determined. With satisfactory strength, they have low thermal expansion, low thermal conductivity, high frost resistance and heat resistance. Such materials can be recommended as refractory and structural materials for their use in the temperature range up to 1250 - 1350 ° C, depending on the composition of the initial charge. The production technology for obtaining materials is described. Products and refractory masses have found application in specific enterprises.

The prospect of using cations of metals of variable valence in the production of biocidal glass enamel coatings for household purposes has been established. The biocidal effect of glass enamel coatings against bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas auroginosa and fungi Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger is determined by the presence of pigments containing selenides and cadmium sulfides in them. Fungicidal activity is shown for glass enamel coatings colored with pigments containing zinc and cobalt dichromates.

In the enamel - noble metal composition, the formation of a common diffuse layer has not been studied enough. The use of methods of secondary mass spectroscopy, which makes it possible to determine the elemental composition of the contacting layers, as well as electron microscopy, made it possible to determine the elemental composition of the contacting layers of these materials.

The results of a study on the creation of ceramic materials for electrical insulation purposes based on the Al ₂ O ₃ - SiO ₂ system from ceramic masses containing a refractory plastic component are presented. clay, and as silica-containing materials - crystalline quartz (quartz sand) and amorphous silica (silica gel) to provide the required set of properties.

The reasons for the low efficiency of reducing the iron content in the kaolin composition of the Zhuravliny Log deposit by the method of dry classification by fractions are analyzed. The technology of biochemical method of kaolin enrichment is proposed. Various technological regimes and processing conditions have been studied to facilitate the reduction and removal of iron from the composition of kaolin.

Biphasic ceramic containing hydroxyapatite Ca ₁₀ (PO ₄) ₆ (OH) ₂ and ? -tricalcium phosphate ? ; -Cа ₃ (PO ₄) ₂, obtained from single-phase nanocrystalline calcium phosphate powder with the apatite structure, synthesized from aqueous solutions of calcium acetate and hydrogen phosphate ammonium at a Ca / P molar ratio of 1.5 without pH adjustment at room temperature. After firing at 1100 ° C, the material contained 75% ?-Ca ₃ (PO ₄) ₂, and the grain size did not exceed 600 nm... It is proposed to consider carbon formed in the range of 200-500 ° C as a result of carbonization of the organic components of synthesis adsorbed by the powder particles as a physical barrier that prevents intense mass transfer up to 800 ° C, which contributes to the production of ultradispersed ceramics with a grain size of less than 1 ?m.