VOL 90, No. 1 (2017)

A new technology of laser blunting of sharp edges of glass and other brittle non-metallic materials by forming a chamfer due to the removal of a sharp edge of the material under the influence of thermal stresses is described. A physical model of the process of laser heating of the edge of a material opaque for laser radiation is proposed. The relationship has been established between the main parameters of the process: the dimensions of the chamfer, the speed of chamfering, the power of laser radiation and the strength of the edge of the glass. Optimization of technological modes has been carried out, a technological process and laser equipment for cutting and chamfering from glass have been developed. The advantages of the new technology of laser chamfering from glass are shown in comparison with the traditional technology of chamfering using a diamond abrasive tool.

Glasses of silicate, borosilicate, aluminosilicate and aluminoborosilicate systems are considered. Expressions have been obtained for determining the activation energy of hydrogen permeability, the hydrogen permeability coefficient depending on the content of all, without exception, the components included in the studied glasses, comparing glasses of different compositions in terms of permeability and permeability; glass when heated. The limits of changes in these criteria are determined. It is proved that silicate glasses impermeable to hydrogen do not exist

Informational data on the use of amorphous siliceous rocks for the production of foam glass, as well as the results of laboratory studies on the study of the dependence of the foaming temperature on the melting temperature of the original glass are presented. A composition of low-melting glass based on flask, soda ash and boron-containing raw materials (borax) was developed with an ingredient ratio of 1: 0.3: 0.35, respectively, as well as a method for producing block foam glass, and on its basis were obtained in laboratory conditions foam glass blocks

A mathematical model has been developed on fuzzy sets, which describes the dependence of residual stresses in sheet glass on the annealing mode. An adaptive control system for glass annealing is proposed using a model describing the dependence of residual stresses on the annealing mode. Simulation modeling shows the possibility of stabilization of residual stresses in the produced glass on the operating equipment due to the automation of the control of the technological process of annealing.

The necessary level of air heating was determined by calculation, which ensures the maximum permissible temperature of the combustion products of the bath furnace in the combustion zone. The inexpediency of regenerative heating of air to ultra-high temperatures is shown.

The conditions for the formation of phases in the Cu-Cr-O system with different technological background are analyzed. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray phase analysis methods. The conditions for obtaining CuCr ₂ O ₄ samples with the maximum amount of spinel, including a mild temperature regime and carrying out the process in one stage, are discussed.

The luminescence spectra of samples of baked kaolin are investigated. It is shown that the obtained radiation corresponds to the luminescence of Cr ³⁺ ions in mullite. The effect of the firing temperature and the mass content of chromium oxide on the emission spectra has been studied. The experimental dependences were used to determine the activation energy of mullite formation E _a = 144 6 kJ / mol and the limiting solubility of Cr ₂ O ₃ in mullite, equal to 0.33%

Iron-containing catalytic systems based on nanoporous aluminosilicates obtained by the sol-gel method have shown high activity and stability in the reaction of oxidative de-structuring of azo dye by hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions and can be recommended for the neutralization of wastewater containing impurities of organic dyes.

The influence of the surface properties of the developed calcium silicophosphate glass-crystalline materials and coatings on their biocompatibility has been determined. The ratio of calcium to phosphorus on the surface of materials and coatings for the formation of an apatite-like layer on them, as well as the optimal values ??of the roughness parameter and free energy of the surface for the adsorption of protein molecules and adhesion of bone-forming cells have been established.