VOL 93, No. 9 (2020)

The physicochemical processes occurring in the structure of alkaline glass and at the silicon - glass interface during the anodic connection of glass and silicon plates are considered. The connection of these materials is currently widely used in industry to create sensitive elements of micromechanical sensors, such as pressure, acceleration , etc. features of the parts to be joined (for example, the thickness of glass plates)

Within the framework of the one-dimensional problem of the evaporation of an absorbing layer of matter at For the release of laser pulse energy, analytical relationships are obtained for calculating the energy density required to pierce through holes in optically thick non-metallic plates for several variants of exposure to laser radiation. Analytical relations are derived for calculating the evaporated mass of a substance per unit of input energy. A comparative analysis of the options for the effect of laser radiation on a plate is carried out, showing the possibility of reducing energy costs when piercing through holes in optically thick glass and ceramic plates.

Spheroplastics based on hollow ceramic microspheres and an organosilicon binder with a ladder structure capable of transition to a ceramic-like state at elevated temperatures are considered. The physical and mechanical properties of spheroplastics have been studied. The dielectric characteristics of the spheroplasty in the centimeter section of the microwave & ndash; radio range were determined by the waveguide method

The kinetics of sintering of periclase with a brucitaluminophosphate bond has been studied. To determine the kinetic parameters, a model was used that takes into account the role of physical compaction and chemical bonding in the presence of a binder during heating. The strength of the conglomerate was ensured both by the sintering itself and by the action of the binder. Determined the effective activation energy of periclase sintering: Ea = 287 & plusm; 9 kJ / mol, which is close to the activation energy of oxygen diffusion in MgO. At high temperatures, spinel MgAl ₂ O ₄ forms in the material, which slows down sintering

The results of studies on obtaining refractory light weights using chamotte as a filler, obtained by melting a mixture of kaolinite clay and alumina-containing production wastes under the influence of a concentrated radiant flux, are presented. The phase composition, microstructure, and physical and technical characteristics of the sintered samples have been determined. It was found that the optimal set of properties (apparent density 1.14 - 1.3 g / cm ³, compressive strength 8.6 - 17.1 MPa) are possessed by specimens based on fused chamotte with a mass content 10 & ndash; 20 & # 37; alumina-containing additive, due to the favorable combination of phase composition and microstructure

The use of nanotechnogenic aluminum-containing raw materials and pyrophyllite in the compositions of ceramic masses for the production of acid-resistant materials helps to reduce the shrinkage anisotropy during drying and firing and water permeability, but samples of the composition containing nanotechnogenic aluminum-containing raw materials have the best indicators of water permeability. The introduction of pyrophyllite into the compositions of ceramic masses for the production of acid-resistant materials contributes to the formation of a significant accumulation of well-developed acicular-shaped mullite crystals, and the introduction of nanotechnogenic raw materials promotes the formation of whiskers of mullite

The object of the study was kaolin mineral raw materials from the Svetlinsky district of the Orenburg region. The characteristics of the clay were obtained by using the methods of particle size distribution, colorimetric, chemical and X-ray fluorescence, X-ray phase and sorption analyzes, and EPR spectroscopy. Analysis of the results of the study of the main characteristics of kaolin clay allows us to conclude that it can be used for the manufacture of electric porcelain.

An experience of physical and chemical analysis of some fragments of medieval glazed ceramics, discovered at different times in the area of ??medieval settlements located in the Chui, Talas and Kochkor valleys of Kyrgyzstan, has been undertaken. Samples of glazed ceramics have been studied by X-ray fluorescence and microscopic analyzes. Physicochemical studies of glaze ceramics from different archaeological complexes on the territory of Kyrgyzstan made it possible to identify dyes, their features, technology for obtaining color and to note important points in the historical development of pottery related to the history of glazed ceramics in Central Asian countries.