VOL 77, No. 9 (2004)

The data on the improvement of the main technical and economic indicators of glass-melting furnaces in the leading countries and JSC "Salavatsteklo" are presented. The issues of improving the design of furnaces and modes of their operation are considered, the solution of which will increase their thermal and technological efficiency, extend the campaign and improve the quality of products. It is shown that the optimal options for refractory masonry and thermal insulation of the most critical elements of the furnace design provide a significant increase in their operational reliability. Il. 2, bibliography: 3 titles.

On the basis of a model describing the mechanism of the appearance of internal stresses in glass during its cooling, the calculation of the limiting temperature of opalescence is given. The concept of an area of ??increased mobility of structural elements is introduced, which is identified with the area of ??glass softening. Il. 2, bibliography: 8 titles.

Possibilities of improving the protective properties of borosilicate melts by introducing deoxidizers are considered. The dependence of the oxidation rate of steel 30KhGSA on the Fe ₂ O ₃ content in the melt has been experimentally established. The rate of oxidation of steel 30KhGSA in a melt deoxidized with silicon carbide and silicon nitride, as well as a boron-containing product, has been determined. Tab. 1, ill. 4, bibliography: 2 titles.

Experimental data are generalized and a universal formula is obtained for calculating the diffusion coefficients of SiO ₂ in melts of the Na ₂ O - SiO ₂ system. The formula is recommended for practical calculations of the lump silicate boiling process. Tab. 4, ill. 2, bibliography: 6 titles.

It has been shown that pastes obtained from cordierite crushed together with surfactants are suitable for extrusion of complex-profile porous ceramics. Suspensions consisting of components for the synthesis of cordierite have unsatisfactory forming properties. The processes of high-temperature annealing of molded cordierite ceramics have been investigated. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 11 titles.

It was revealed that when clays are fired under conditions of reduced pressure, reactions with the release of volatile components begin at lower temperatures, and the nature of the gaseous medium is reducing. At the same time, the sintering mechanism changes with the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting products. Tab. 5, bibliography: 6 titles.

A technology for obtaining a pigment based on spinel Co _{1- x} Mg _x Al ₂ O ₄ has been developed, where 0.67 & # 8804; x & # 8804; 0.80. The pigment is bright blue in color and is identical to the reference sample, but with a 2-3 times lower cobalt content. Tab. 2, ill. 1, bibliography: 8 titles.

We offer a wide range of refractories and high quality for the complex equipment of glass furnaces. Tab. 3, ill. 1.

The optimal compositions of lead-free fluxes and enamels based on them have been determined, their physicochemical properties have been studied. The quantitative transition of the enamel coating into solutions was determined depending on the duration of the reagent action. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 7 titles.

It has been established that with joint mass preparation (both wet and dry), coal waste is a promising raw material for the production of ceramic building materials. The content of waste in the charge can be up to 50%. The quality of products obtained using coal mining waste in the Moscow region fully complies with the requirements of GOST 6841-84 for the corresponding products. Tab. 4, bibliography: 10 titles.

The results of studying wollastonite as a raw material for ceramic bonds of abrasive tools are presented. It was found that wollastonite can be used as a flux. The possibility of regulating the properties of bonds by changing the content of wollastonite has been shown. Tab. 1, bibliography: 6 titles.