The idea of ??using a ceramic-metal binder with a high content of metal filler in the production of mullite-corundum ceramics with a low sintering temperature is proposed. The optimal composition of this material has been determined. It was revealed that the aluminum present in the ceramic-metal binder is completely oxidized and reacts with metakaolinite and quartz to form mullite.
New compositions of ceramic mass using gabbro-dolerite and moderately red-burning clay are presented. Mathematical modeling was carried out to determine the optimal raw material composition. The optimum temperature for single firing of ceramic tiles of a new composition has been determined. The features of the course of the processes occurring during firing were investigated using a complex of physicochemical studies.
Electrospark sintering (SPS) is used to create fine-grained ceramics based on nanosized powders of 14 different oxides (zinc, copper, chromium, cobalt, tungsten, magnesium, niobium, titanium, aluminum, yttrium, zirconium, etc.). A comparison is made of the microhardness of ceramics obtained both by the SPS method and by the traditional method. The microhardness of ceramics obtained by the SPS method is significantly higher than the microhardness of ceramics obtained by the traditional method.
The possibilities of obtaining aluminosilicate finishing materials for interior decoration of buildings and structures and facade tiles using the hyper pressing method are considered. The influence of the main technological factors on the properties of finishing materials and the processes of structure formation of building ceramics fired at different temperatures has been investigated.
The stability of the developed nanodispersed additives for ceramic building materials obtained as a result of ultrasonic dispersion of metakaolin in aqueous media of organic stabilizers: superplasticizer C-3 and polyvinyl alcohol has been investigated. The nature of the dependence of the particle size of metakaolin and the zetapotential of dispersed phases of nanodispersed additives on the time of ultrasonic dispersion and the type of stabilizer has been established. The efficiency of using nanodispersed additives to improve the physical and technical characteristics of a ceramic stone is shown.
The prospects for the use of BeO ceramics in electronic and other fields of technology and special instrument making are discussed. When using BeO ceramics in electronic engineering, one of the main parameters is its high thermal conductivity. Ceramics BeO in the temperature range 300 - 630 K has the highest values ??of thermal conductivity among all ceramic materials used in electronic engineering. The thermal conductivity of 170 ceramic samples made of BeO ceramics with the same configuration and dimensions, obtained from the same batch of the initial BeO powder, has been investigated. It was found that the average size of microcrystals and the density of the obtained samples have a decisive influence on the values ??of thermal conductivity.
Phase transformations have been studied in samples of composite ceramics of the ZrO 2 (Y) - Al 2 O 3 system, which differ in the porosity value and the content of the stabilizing yttrium impurity, in depending on their storage time at room temperature. It is shown that a decrease in the molar content of yttrium oxide in the zirconium phase of a porous composite leads to a sharp acceleration of the processes of its low-temperature aging. Phase transitions in the aged composite in the temperature range of 30 - 600 ° C were investigated by dilatometry.
The features of phase and structure formation in the process of reaction sintering of materials based on boron and silicon carbides are considered, the analysis of actual technological aspects of reaction sintering is carried out. The main physical and mechanical characteristics of reaction-sintered materials based on silicon carbide and boron carbide and their relationship with the structure of the material are discussed.
The microstructure of gypsum and polymer molds for slip casting of ceramic products has been investigated. The analysis of the microstructure of porous molds showed that gypsum molds have a more finely porous and homogeneous structure than polymer molds. It is shown that it is advisable to use gypsum molds in small-scale production and manufacture of highly artistic products.
