The mechanism of forming the strength of a casting ceramic mold is shown. The schemes of the arrangement of the binder composition between the solid components are considered. Various options for the destruction of ceramics are shown. Great difficulties are noted for the creation of analytical methods for calculating the strength of ceramics. It is possible to increase the strength of a ceramic mold by treating it with aqueous solutions of salts. This information will help you choose the best method for hardening a ceramic casting mold.
The possibility of obtaining ceramics based on silicon carbide by liquid-phase sintering by modifying it with additives of eutectic compositions is considered. It is shown that the synthesized samples are not inferior in properties to similar samples of silicon carbide obtained by reaction sintering, and from the point of view of energy efficiency they are superior.
The possibility of using sewage sludge from electroplating industries in the production of expanded clay has been studied. The relationship between the physicochemical and operational characteristics of the porous aggregate with their chemical-mineralogical and phase composition, structure and heat treatment regime has been established. The migration of ions of heavy metals from expanded clay into water extracts has been studied and the technological modes of obtaining environmentally safe products have been determined.
The characteristic features of the structure of porcelain articles made by various molding methods have been studied. The possibility of identifying the molding method has been established. The effect of the structure of the molded article on the formation of the glaze layer is noted. It is confirmed that the structure of the finished product inherits the character of the texture of the original mass.
The mechanism of sintering and the features of structure formation in liquid-phase sintered silicon carbide and sintered silicon nitride have been investigated. The formation of the core structure (grains SiC or Si 3 N 4 ) - boundary layer (SiC-oxides or SiAlON) - intergranular phase (oxides) was recorded.
Experimental data on determining the long-term strength (time and deformation to fracture) of half-sintered periclase ceramics at temperatures up to 1600 ° C at loads of 20 - 50 MPa are presented. It is shown that the results of measurements of the steady-state creep rate can be used to determine the durability of materials without bringing them to failure.
Compositions of masses using quartz-feldspar raw materials of Ukraine in the presence of mineralizing oxides have been developed. The introduction of the developed energy-saving technology of household porcelain will significantly reduce the energy consumption of production and shorten the firing cycle.
The features of the coagulation structure and technological properties of slip masses for casting ceramics on stands in gypsum molds and under external pressure in polymer molds are shown. The compositions of the masses are given, which make it possible to comprehensively solve the problems of optimizing the characteristics of water systems during the differentiation of casting methods and the structure of porcelain during firing.
The migration of ions of heavy metals (Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cr 3+ , Cr 6+ , Ni 2+ , Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ) from ceramic bricks containing wastewater sludge from electroplating industries. The regularities of the migration of chemical elements under the influence of various factors (temperature and exposure time, pH of the model medium) in relation to the charge and chemical composition of the masses, as well as the structure and phase composition of materials have been established. The optimal content of sewage sludge in the composition of the masses for obtaining ceramic bricks, which fully meets the requirements of regulatory documents for the migration of chemical elements, has been determined.
