The processing of waste by-products in water, stoichiometrically formed as a result of the Fischer-Tropsch process, during the production of fuel materials is considered. Theoretical and experimental studies on the synthesis in vacuum of cermet membranes based on the Al - Ni - Сo 3 О 4 system have been carried out. The conversion of the process of processing by-products of the process into synthesis gas on the membranes obtained was 85 - 99%.
An approach to the production of ceramics in the ZrO 2 - Al 2 O 3 system with high physical and mechanical properties and a low sintering temperature, based on theoretically calculated optimal firing modes. The calculation was carried out taking into account the kinetic parameters of the sintering process.
Ceramic membranes with an asymmetric structure were obtained by deposition of a heterogeneous polydisperse suspension of reduced hydrophilicity on an aluminosilicate substrate. The average pore size of ceramic membranes is 0.3 - 0.5 microns. The problem of matching the shrinkage of the ceramic substrate and membrane layers has been solved. The technology of obtaining micro- and ultrafiltration membranes using suspensions based on aqueous and alcohol-aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose is presented.
The results of a study of the effect of B 2 O 3 as a sintering additive at the initial stages of the formation of optical ceramics from aluminum-magnesium spinel (AMS) are presented. It is shown that it is possible to obtain, by the liquid method, uniform nanosized coatings containing a sintering additive B 2 O 3 on the surface of AMB particles, which leads to a significant acceleration of the subsequent sintering process of AMB particles.
The results of studies on the modification of expanded vermiculite with active silica obtained from raw vermiculite by acid treatment are presented. It is shown that at a firing temperature of 1100 - 1200 ° C, a high-temperature cristobalite phase is formed in the phase composition of the obtained material. The properties and phase composition of ceramic vermiculite samples made on the basis of modified vermiculite and refractory clay are given.
The results of a study of the combustion process of ferrosilicoaluminum (FSA) in nitrogen in the presence of fluorine-containing additives are presented. The phase composition of the combustion products has been studied. It is shown that the introduction of fluorine-containing additives into the initial alloy significantly increases the degree of nitriding (up to 27.2%).
The results of experimental studies of the rheological properties of slips based on clay from the Msterskoye deposit of the Vladimir region, modified by breaking sheet glass and soda, are presented. Experimental data were evaluated.
The features of the behavior at high-temperature bending of ceramic specimens based on mullite modified with zirconium oxide have been investigated. It has also been shown that recrystallization annealing can be recommended for this material to improve its properties.
A description of a new technology for the manufacture of ceramic products (bricks, tiles, etc.) is given, which makes it possible to reduce the duration of the production cycle due to an increase in the activity of the processes occurring during pressing and firing, which makes it possible to obtain ceramic products with increased mechanical strength (45 - 60 MPa), improved marketable type and improved quality. The substantiation of the selected processing modes is given.
A composite material based on ?-Al 2 O 3 and two types of carbon nanotubes obtained from a methane-hydrogen mixture and a propane-butane mixture has been synthesized. The results of vacuum sintering and a comparative analysis of the structure of the obtained material are presented depending on the type of nanotubes and their content 3 - 24% (by volume). A composite with a uniformly crystalline structure and a uniform distribution of nanotubes in the matrix was obtained, demonstrating an increase in bending strength up to 400 MPa.
