Porous ceramics based on biogenic hydroxyapatite (Osteoapatite Ceramic®, Ukraine) and pyrogenic silicon dioxide (Aerosil® 200, Germany) were obtained at a temperature of 600 ° C. It was found that the introduction of silicon dioxide in an amount of 2 - 5% (mass fraction in terms of silicon) significantly changes the structure of the ceramics, making it more finely dispersed and porous (48.5%). The compressive strength of Si-modified ceramics is 11 - 13 MPa, and the solubility in physiological solution is 0.17 - 0.23% / day.
Light-curing composite dental materials, consisting of an inorganic filler (glass), a polymer matrix, and a bonding layer, are considered. The requirements for them by modern therapeutic dentistry are indicated. The composition of the developed material is presented, as well as some technological aspects of its production. The study of the physical and mechanical properties of the developed composite material (strength, water absorption, depth of polymerization) showed that the values ??of these indicators are at the level of the best foreign analogues.
A method has been developed for the formation of glass-ceramic coatings on bioinert substrates directly from an organic solution, which makes it possible to create thin bioactive layers on porous materials that repeat the shape of the pores of the carrier. The method of obtaining bioglass of various compositions from organic solutions has advantages over the method of obtaining from aqueous solutions: it avoids fractional crystallization during evaporation, as well as before the sol-gel method: it makes it easier to penetrate into the pores of bioinert carriers and form multilayer coatings.
The paper presents the properties of reaction-bound calcium phosphate materials obtained by pressing a paste based on ?-tricalcium phosphate followed by holding in various solutions. The phase composition, solubility, mechanical characteristics of the obtained materials were investigated, and biological tests were carried out in vitro.
A number of composite materials based on dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and bioactive glass 50S25N5P with physiologically safe pH values ??and compressive strength from 4 to 22 MPa have been developed. The obtained composites are resorbable and can be used in the treatment of injuries and diseases of the bone tissue.
Biphasic ceramic containing hydroxyapatite Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 and ? -tricalcium phosphate ? ; -Cа 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , obtained from single-phase nanocrystalline calcium phosphate powder with the apatite structure, synthesized from aqueous solutions of calcium acetate and hydrogen phosphate ammonium at a Ca / P molar ratio of 1.5 without pH adjustment at room temperature. After firing at 1100 ° C, the material contained 75% ?-Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 , and the grain size did not exceed 600 nm ... It is proposed to consider carbon formed in the range of 200-500 ° C as a result of carbonization of the organic components of synthesis adsorbed by the powder particles as a physical barrier that prevents intense mass transfer up to 800 ° C, which contributes to the production of ultradispersed ceramics with a grain size of less than 1 ?m.
Multiphase ceramics were obtained from calcium phosphate powders synthesized using mechanical activation from sodium pyrophosphate and soluble calcium salts (acetate, nitrate, chloride). Powders after synthesis from sodium pyrophosphate and calcium acetate or calcium nitrate were a mixture of double calcium-sodium phosphate, unreacted calcium salt and a by-product of the reaction (NaNO 3 or NaCH 3 COO) ... The powders after synthesis from sodium pyrophosphate and calcium chloride were a mixture of amorphous calcium phosphate and a by-product NaCl. The phase composition of the samples after heat treatment depended on the firing temperature and the composition of the initial powders. Ca 2 P 2 O 7 , Na 2 CaP 2 < / sub> O 7 , NaCaPO 4 , Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 .
A brief description of dental materials of various nature is given with an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. A promising direction in the field of dental materials science has become the development of silicate materials, which in recent years have become increasingly popular and recognized. Such materials are used both for the manufacture of dentures from monolithic blanks and by layer-by-layer application of their fine powders on metal substrates.
The issues related to the solubility of glass-crystalline materials based on calcium phosphate glasses in water and solutions imitating the physiological environment of a living organism are considered. Revealed the relationship between the level, nature and size of pores in the material and its solubility. Recommendations are given on the use of the developed materials in medical practice.
Yttrium aluminosilicate (YAS) glasses with an yttrium oxide content of up to 23% (molar content) have been obtained, and their properties have been studied. Microspheres with a diameter of 20 - 32 microns have been manufactured for use in brachytherapy. Microspheres are characterized by a completely amorphous structure without the presence of any crystalline inclusions, high shape isometry (particle asphericity less than 5%) and high chemical resistance. Tab. 2, ill. 9, bibliography: 19 titles.
