The object of research is ceramic foam materials based on aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and aluminum-magnesia spinel. The results of research on sintering spinel ceramics using aluminum and magnesium oxides as initial components are presented. It is shown that the optimal range of firing temperatures for obtaining materials with an open-cell pore structure is 1600 - 1700 ° C. Materials with communicating porosity up to 85 & # 37; and compressive strength up to 1.4 MPa
Experimental results on the synthesis in a cubic apparatus of composites based on diamond-like boron nitride cBN in the cBN-Al-TiC system are presented. It is shown that with an optimal ratio of the number, size and mutual arrangement of particles of a superhard material and a nanostructured binder, it is possible to achieve a high level of properties without the obligatory intergrowth of particles of superhard cBN-cBN crystals with each other. The composites were sintered at a pressure of 4.5 GPa and a temperature of 1450 ° C. The selected thermobaric parameters ensured the completeness of the reaction interaction, the uniformity of the phase composition and physical and mechanical characteristics in the entire volume of large-sized composites.
An overview of research in the field of utilization of large-scale industrial waste in the production of granular and block foam materials is presented. The possibilities and prospects of obtaining materials with high technical and operational properties and reducing the load on the environment are shown.
A technology for glazing ceramic tiles has been developed using alternative energy sources and glass household waste. The effect of a plasma jet on the change in the chemical composition of materials for glazing ceramic tiles has been investigated. The experimentally obtained data on the operational properties of ceramic tiles are presented.
The combined use of waste from the production of mineral wool (MB) and spent catalyst (MC) of catalytic cracking of petroleum products in the production of ceramics has been investigated. It was found that, in comparison with the control composition, MB during firing at a temperature of 1080 ° C acts as a fluxing additive, increasing the density of samples by 3.3 °, compressive strength by 19.2 ° C, shrinkage deformation by 16.1 & # 37;, reducing water absorption by 3 times. The combined use of MV and MK in the composition (with an increase in MK from 10 to 20 & # 37;) promotes the intensification of crystallization of the minerals anorthite and mullite, which provides a decrease in shrinkage deformation up to 1.85 times, without deteriorating the mechanical properties in comparison with the control composition without additives
Mechanical activation of zinc oxide with the addition of a surfactant (triethanolamine) in two types of mills - roller-ring vibration and planetary-centrifugal mills is considered. The dependences of the values ??of the specific surface area on the activation time and the content of the surfactant are obtained, the effect of mechanochemical activation on the distribution of pores along the radius, dispersion of zinc oxide, and surface morphology is shown. It is shown that the physicochemical properties of activated zinc oxide make it possible to use it to obtain technical ceramics in the form of supports for catalysts and adsorbents used in gas desulfurization.
The influence of temperature and concentration of NaOH solutions on the processes of chemical dissolution of lead-silicate glasses used as base glasses in the manufacture of microchannel plates has been investigated. It is shown that for the studied solutions upon destruction of glasses С87-2 and С78-4, a linear dependence on the exposure time, concentration and temperature of the solution is observed. It is noted that for S87-2 glass the shape of the mass removal curve depends on temperature
The physicochemical processes occurring in the structure of alkaline glass and at the silicon - glass interface during the anodic connection of glass and silicon plates are considered. The connection of these materials is currently widely used in industry to create sensitive elements of micromechanical sensors, such as pressure, acceleration
, etc. features of the parts to be joined (for example, the thickness of glass plates)
Within the framework of the one-dimensional problem of the evaporation of an absorbing layer of matter at For the release of laser pulse energy, analytical relationships are obtained for calculating the energy density required to pierce through holes in optically thick non-metallic plates for several variants of exposure to laser radiation. Analytical relations are derived for calculating the evaporated mass of a substance per unit of input energy. A comparative analysis of the options for the effect of laser radiation on a plate is carried out, showing the possibility of reducing energy costs when piercing through holes in optically thick glass and ceramic plates.
Spheroplastics based on hollow ceramic microspheres and an organosilicon binder with a ladder structure capable of transition to a ceramic-like state at elevated temperatures are considered. The physical and mechanical properties of spheroplastics have been studied. The dielectric characteristics of the spheroplasty in the centimeter section of the microwave & ndash; radio range were determined by the waveguide method
