VOL 83, No. 6 (2010)

The possibility of using rocks from the Khatsavitsky, Solokhaulsky and Tugupsky deposits of the Krasnodar Territory in the production of basalt fibers has been investigated. Using a laboratory single-plate setup, it has been shown that continuous thickened and coarse fibers are formed from the melts of these rocks in a wide temperature range. On an installation with an induction method for melting raw materials and acoustic blowing of the melt with compressed air, pilot batches of super-thin and thin staple fibers were obtained, the main technical characteristics of which are within the limits regulated by GOST 4640-93. Tab. 3, ill. 2, bibliography: 6 titles.

The regularities of the formation of the structure of composite ceramic materials during reaction firing of raw mixtures, including mixtures of powders of traditional aluminosilicate raw materials (kaolinite) and nano-sized synthetic precursor materials (potassium polytitanate), have been investigated. It is shown that in the course of sintering, chemical interaction of the components occurs, accompanied by amorphization of the raw mixtures and subsequent crystallization of the resulting amorphous phase of complex chemical composition. The phase composition of the obtained composites includes: rutile, thialite, mullite, leusite, calsilite and glass phase in various ratios, ensuring the achievement of high performance characteristics. Tab. 2, ill. 4, bibliography: 7 titles.

The results of studies on the replacement of clay raw materials of the Ukrainian field with Nizhneuvelskaya clay (Russia) in the composition of the ceramic mass are presented. The physicochemical properties of the developed mass have been determined. Ceramic products were obtained at a firing temperature of 1070 ° C with a water absorption of no more than 3% and a total linear shrinkage of less than 13%. Tab. 6, bibliography: 3 titles.

Using the method of nuclear gamma-resonance spectroscopy, the phase state of iron oxides in ceramic bricks obtained under conditions of reductive firing has been established. Tab. 4, ill. 2, bibliography: 2 titles.

It is shown that the introduction of ferroelectric additives into glass enamel coatings is promising in order to improve their dielectric characteristics. The limits of the added additive for low alkaline borosilicate enamel are determined. A comparative table of the properties of the original and composite enamels is given. The dielectric properties of the new material have been determined and the absence of dissolution of the additive in the glass enamel has been established. Tab. 1, ill. 5, bibliography: 7 titles.

The expediency of using titanium dioxide in the development of antibacterial glass enamel coatings has been established. A bactericidal powder (filler) based on hydroxyapatite modified with titanium oxide has been synthesized, and its phase composition has been investigated. It was found that the investigated composite glass enamel coatings are characterized by a significant antibacterial and antifungal effect from 70 to 90% with the content of the synthesized inorganic filler from 1 to 5% at the ratio Ti ⁴⁺ & nbsp; / & nbsp; (Ti ⁴⁺ & nbsp; + & nbsp; Ca ²⁺) equal to 0.04 - 0.07. Il. 3, tab. 1, bibliography: 10 titles.

The sequence of formation of crystalline phases (cassiterite, lithium metasilicate, leucite and baddeleyite) was established and the solubility of SnO ₂ and ZrO ₂ in the K ₂ O - Li ₂ O - Al ₂ O ₃ - SiO ₂ - SnO ₂ - ZrO ₂. Glass-ceramics based on this system provides the level of physical, mechanical and chemical properties required to obtain the opaque layer of metal-ceramic dental prostheses. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 9 titles.

The results of studying the phase compositions and the formation of the microstructure of sintered ceramic specimens based on the kaolin - chamotte - KVMR composition in order to obtain a ceramic material with enhanced physicochemical properties are presented. Tab. 2, ill. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.

The characteristics of the mineral and chemical compositions of the deposits of alkaline kaolins in Ukraine are given, the advantages of enrichment and the use of complex raw materials for the production of porcelain products are shown. Tab. 1, bibliography: 10 titles.