The possibility of using water-based coolant effluents in the production of building ceramics has been determined. The influence of the spent cutting fluid on the structural-rheological (molding) properties and energy consumption of the molding process of clay and ceramic masses based on Kiev spondyl clay was investigated. Tab. 3, ill. 2, bibliography: 4 titles.
The poor reproducibility of the transparency of corundum ceramics obtained by alkoxy technology is associated with the possibility of oxidized carbon from alkoxy groups entering the solid solution with Al 2 O 3 . Carbon suppresses the effect of magnesium oxide addition, enhances diffusion mass transfer, pore entrapment by growing crystals, and polymorphic transition to corundum. The introduction of carbon in the form of soot or naphthalene during dry grinding into a pre-decarburized powder g-Al 2 O 3 , its subsequent heat treatment in air or in an environment of humid CO 2 < / sub> and sintering the samples in vacuum confirmed this assumption. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography. 14 titles
The possibility of predicting water absorption in the production of semi-dry pressing ceramic tiles by using data on the linear dimensions of the pressed tiles and their firing modes has been investigated. An empirical formula is given that allows one to quantify the effect of tile size, pressing pressure and firing parameters on the change in water absorption. The possibility of predicting water absorption 40 - 50 minutes before the exit of the tiles from the firing furnace is shown. Table 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 5 titles.
The results of the study of the composition, structure and properties of Kailin clay are presented. The possibility of obtaining ceramic materials with a light shard based on mineral raw materials of the Siberian region is shown. Tab. 6, ill. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.
A new modification of aluminum oxide g1-Al 2 O 3 with a spinel structure was synthesized under shock-wave action on gibbsite. The face-centered cubic lattice parameter is a = 7.935 (1) E. The X-ray diffraction pattern and the indexing results are presented. The synthesis procedure is described. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 8 titles.
The processes of mullitization of high-temperature ceramic masses containing metadiabases have been studied. A quantitative relationship has been shown between mullite, quartz and plagioclase. It has been established that at firing temperatures of 1180 - 1200 ° C, the introduction of up to 30% by weight of metadiabases accelerates the process of mullitization, contributes to the formation of a more perfect structure of the emitted mullite. In ceramic masses, mullite crystallizes mainly from a kaolinite residue, as well as from plagioclase grains. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 10 titles.
Ceramic pigments based on cobalt zirconate were obtained by deposition. IR absorption spectra confirm the possibility of the formation of cobalt zirconate at the stage of deposition. The color characteristics of the pigments recommended for staining glass and ceramics are given. Il. 3, bibliography: 3 titles.
In the compositions of hard porcelain masses, feldspar concentrates obtained by enrichment of rocks in Karelia have been investigated. The effect of feldspar concentrates, differing in the ratio of potassium and sodium oxides, mineralogical composition and structural features, on the structure and properties of porcelain masses has been studied. It was found that the structure of grains and the ratio of quartz and feldspar in the concentrate are of great importance for the formation of the glass phase during firing of samples. Tab. 3, ill. 2, bibliography: 3 titles.
The results of studies of the formation of a black core during high-speed firing of floor tiles and methods of its elimination are presented. Tab. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.
The difference in the diffusion coefficients of cations in complex oxides during their synthesis leads to the formation of a solid solution of an oxide containing a cation with a lower diffusion coefficient in a complex oxide and a phase consisting of an oxide containing a cation with a high diffusion coefficient or enriched in this oxide. Using highly dispersed powders, it is possible to determine the most mobile cation under the conditions of synthesis by the oxide remaining in the product. This is shown by the example of the synthesis of lanthanum chromite by the sol-gel method. An explanation is given for the change in the ratio of the diffusion rates of lanthanum and chromium cations depending on the synthesis temperature and the content of polyvinyl alcohol in the gel. Bibliography: 3 titles.
