The analysis of the composition of raw glazes used at the JSC "Plant of Ceramic Products" (Yekaterinburg) and in some European countries for glazing sanitary ware. The reasons for the appearance of dullness in the glaze coating and methods of its elimination are considered. Tab. 2.
Compositions of red glaze, which have a shiny and matte surface, are given. Glazes can be either fritted or jade. Fritting temperature - 800 ° С, firing - 750 - 800 ° С. The complex silicate material Erevanit-10 was used in the composition of the red glaze. Tab. 2.
Processes during the firing of dense ceramics from pure oxides are considered from the standpoint of synergetics. An assumption is made about the presence of three regions of unstable states of evolution of the structure of the workpiece. To eliminate multistability with strongly differing in properties stable states (structures), in the region of possible bifurcation, it is possible to influence the subsequent evolution of the structure using external (for example, periodic fields) and internal (structures created in the workpiece at previous stages) control signals. Sometimes the desired structure can be obtained through self-organization of the system. Il. 2, bibliography: 16 titles.
The results of research on the development of bioceramic materials based on calcium hydroxylapatite (HA) and the natural mineral wollastonite are presented. The process of obtaining GA by several reactions has been investigated. The optimal compositions of bioceramics for medical use have been determined. Tab. 3, ill. 2, bibliography: 7 titles.
The influence of various additives on the process of formation of the ceramic structure is considered. The functions of additives at various stages of heat treatment of ceramic masses have been studied. The possibility of obtaining products with specified properties has been established. Bibliography: 7 titles.
The combined effect of a microwave electric field and focused laser radiation on dielectrics was studied in order to create an electric-discharge method for their processing. The idea of ??processing is based on the phenomenon of increased absorption of microwave radiation by dielectrics, previously locally heated by an additional source of heat. Due to this, the zone of destruction of the surface of the dielectric can be narrower than the preheated region. Il. 5, bibliography: 4 titles.
The features of the intensification of the sintering process of earthenware masses with an increased content of high-calcium waste with the introduction of various mineralizers into their composition have been studied. It has been established that the intensification of sintering is observed during the course of processes predominantly in the solid phase at the RO: R 2 O ratio equal to 7: 9. Tab. 1, ill. 5, bibliography: 5 titles.
An osteoconductive biocomposite BAK-1000 has been developed, consisting of hydroxyapatite and a silicate matrix similar in chemical composition to sodium-calcium feldspars. Morphological studies of the BAK-1000 biocomposite made it possible to suggest the mechanisms of deposition of the first product of osteogenesis, collagen, on the surface of open pores of the material in a living organism with the formation of strong chemical bonds. On the basis of the BAK-1000 biocomposite, sets of implants for maxillofacial surgery and neurosurgery have been developed and introduced into clinical practice. Tab. 2, ill. 3, bibliography: 6 titles.
Thermal analysis of clays of the Gzhel deposit was carried out, their mineral composition was determined. The influence of various impurities, minerals, dispersion on the behavior of clays during heating has been determined. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 6 titles.
The results of an X-ray diffraction study of a single crystal of silicon carbide SiC 6H formed during detonation from silicon dioxide and graphite are presented. The structure was determined using direct methods and refined by the full-matrix least squares method in the anisotropic approximation using 312 reflections to R 1 = 0.0194. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 9 titles.
