The author's many years of experience in the field of ceramic pressing technology are summarized, which can be used by specialists both when creating technological processes for the production of ceramics at enterprises, and for improving existing technological processes in order to improve the quality of products. Il. 3, bibliography: 7 titles.
As a result of shock-wave action on amorphous aluminum hydroxide, placed in a brass cylinder of a conservation ampoule, it was possible to synthesize two crystalline phases with a spinel structure: ZnAl 2 O 4 and (Zn 0.3 Al 0.7 ) Al 1.7 O 4 . X-ray diffraction patterns and lattice parameters of the obtained phases are presented. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 6 titles.
The photoluminescent properties of beryllium ceramics obtained by the method of semi-dry pressing, without and with specially introduced impurities of alkali metals, have been studied. It is assumed that the heat treatment of the samples in hydrogen and the introduction of small amounts of lithium and sodium impurities lead to the appearance of additional luminescence centers, which increase the photoluminescence intensity. On the contrary, high concentrations of the impurity phase quench the photoluminescence. In the case of heterovalent substitution of Be 2+ by Li + or Na + ions, additional oxygen vacancies arise, on which electrons can be localized under irradiation and F + -centers. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 6 titles.
The analysis of literature and patent data on the problem of obtaining and using wollastonite and materials based on it is carried out, information on the results of studying the properties of heat-insulating products obtained by vacuum pumping technology is briefly presented. The fundamental possibility of using natural wollastonite as a raw material for the production of heat-insulating products has been proved. Il. 2, bibliography: 17 titles.
The processes proceeding according to two variants of the synthesis of composite powders in the Al 2 O 3 - TiN system: according to the reaction of carbothermal reduction of TiO 2 located in mixtures with Al 2 O 3 , with simultaneous nitriding, and also according to the scheme of direct nitriding of metallic titanium dispersed in aluminum oxide, with high-frequency heating in a "cold" crucible. As a result of the synthesis, submicron composite powders are formed, which are promising for use in structural ceramics. Il. 3, bibliography: 8 titles.
It is shown that the Sultan-Uvayskoye deposit (Uzbekistan) is a promising source of high-quality kaolin for the production of fine ceramics and refractories. Tab. 1, ill. 2.
The rheological and structural-mechanical properties of dispersions based on coarse-grained corundum with additives that ensure the production of porous permeable ceramics have been studied. It has been established that the combined use of additives of different nature stabilizes the molding properties of the masses with a change in their composition and moisture content, makes it possible to change the structural and mechanical type, and, consequently, the molding conditions and maintain the configuration of the blanks. Tab. 2, ill. 1, bibliography: 9 titles.
The drying properties of kaolins of the Southern Urals and the molding properties of porcelain masses based on them have been studied. Practical recommendations are given. Tab. 3.
Formation of silicon carbide products by freezing water slips is considered. Freezing mode developed. The composition of the slip is selected. Firing in a nitrogen-hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature of 1850 ° C made it possible to obtain samples, the properties of which are characteristic of this material. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 6 titles.
The processes of silicate and glass formation in iron-containing glass mixtures based on technical raw materials (oxides and carbonates) and with the use of igneous rocks - metadiabases are investigated. The distinctive features of their course are revealed depending on the chemical composition of the glass. It has been established that the crystalline phases that have appeared in the process of silicate formation in the form of structural groups in the glass melt are preserved. The possibility of lowering the synthesis temperature of glaze frits using metadiabases is shown. Tab. 2, ill. 3, bibliography: 7 titles.
