The problems of creating high-temperature composite materials used in aviation, rocket and space technology, methods of their production, as well as their advantages over technologies widespread abroad are considered.
Sol-gel method from a film-forming solution based on In (NO 3 ) 3 & middot; 4H 2 O, SnCl 2 & middot; 2H 2 O and acetylacetone, thin-film In2O3-Sn materials on glass substrates are obtained, characterized by a transparency of 65 - 83% in the wavelength range of 450 - 800 nm. The composition of the film-forming solution (solvated oligomers -In (Hacac) n -O-In (Hacac) n -O-Sn (Hacac) ) m -O-In (Hacac) n -O-) and the processes of its formation. Thermal analysis was used to establish the temperature regime of the synthesis of In 2 O 3 - Sn films and it was shown that tin (IV) predominates in the oxide phase, which is formed after thermal destruction of a complex tin particle ( II) with acetylacetone and oxidation of SnO to SnO 2 .
In the R system 2 O - RO - Al 2 O 3 - B 2 O 3 - SiO 2 (where R 2 O - Na 2 O, K 2 O; RO - CaO , ZnO, MgO, BaO), fritted glazes were obtained for single-fired ceramic tiles. The high molar content of calcium oxide in the glaze glass compositions (12.5? 17.5%) shifts the temperature of formation of coatings to the high-temperature region (1060 - 1100 ° C) and ensures a consistent course of the processes of degassing the ceramic mass and fusing the glaze.
Protective technological coatings have been developed that combine the advantages of the method of non-oxidative heating of metal and high-temperature technological lubricants and heat-insulating coatings. The efficiency of using a polyfunctional protective technological coating on superheat-resistant nickel alloys is shown.
The change in the thickness and refractive index of one-component coatings of the compositions SiO 2 and TiO 2 , deposited from solutions on a float glass substrate, and the light transmission of composites, depending on the deposition conditions films. The influence of the content of oxides in the solution, the rate of deposition and the duration of maturation of the solutions on the basic properties of films and composites was quantitatively evaluated.
Electrically insulating glass-ceramic coatings with operating temperatures up to 400 ° C for stainless steel substrates have been developed. Their physical and chemical properties have been investigated.
The synthesis of ultramarine blue pigment is proposed by coprecipitation of cobalt and aluminum from nitrate solutions with anionite AB-17-8 in the OH-form, followed by calcining the precursor at 750 ° C for 4 hours. (IR and diffuse reflection). According to the results of electron microscopy, the size of the pigment particles was 50 - 80 nm.
A comparative analysis of the optical-color characteristics of known gray ceramic pigments and an assessment of the effectiveness of the action of various quenching components in their composition are carried out.
With the use of open-hearth slag, gray pigments with stable optical characteristics were synthesized. The efficiency of using zirconium compounds as a muffler phase for their production, characterized by inertness with respect to the coloring components included in the pigment and high resistance to the dissolving effect of glass melts, is shown.
In the system of materials datolite - perlite - cullet, low-melting jade glazes with a firing temperature of 950 - 1000 ° C were obtained. The conditions for the formation of high-quality coatings have been established: preliminary firing of datolite and perlite, compliance with the inequality B 2 O 3 / Al 2 O 3 in the glaze composition > 2.5, ultrafine slurry.
