Glasses of the Na 2 O - В 2 O 3 - SiO 2 system with a content of В 2 O 3 from 20 to 40%. It was shown that with a gradual increase in boron oxide content, the silicate network undergoes depolymerization, which is confirmed by a change in the ratio of the intensities of the bands characteristic of tetrahedra with different numbers of nonbridging oxygen atoms ( Q 2 and Q 3 ). The borate component contains BO 4 tetrahedra, which are then replaced by asymmetric BO 3 triangles with nonbridging oxygen atoms. Il. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.
Physicochemical interactions at the contact of molten glass with refractories of glass-melting furnaces, mainly electrofused baddeleyite-corundum (Bakor) refractories, are considered. Three main directions of interaction are discussed: surface phenomena, chemical interactions, transport phenomena. Il. 6, bibliography: 21 titles.
The results of studies on thermochemical modification of the glass ribbon surface during its continuous production are presented. It is shown that the application of a composite coating developed by the authors to the glass surface by an order of magnitude increases its water resistance and ~ 2 times its mechanical strength. The essence of the proposed development consists in the application in several stages of chemical reagents that create a transparent film on the glass surface, which makes it possible to control the quality of the float tape. Tab. 4, ill. 1, bibliography: 4 titles.
The influence of individual production factors on the heat resistance of glass containers has been studied. It is shown that the use of quartz raw materials with a grade that differs from that adopted for the technological process in a given glass-melting furnace can lead to a mass rejection of products, which consists in the appearance of midges and non-heat resistance. The phenomenon is explained from the standpoint of fluctuations in the thermal transparency index of the molten glass. Il. 4, tab. 4, bibliography: 9 titles.
Multicomponent spatially crosslinked polymers based on ultraphosphates with a glass transition temperature of 123 - 302 ° C have been synthesized. Their hydrolytic stability (the rate of weight loss during boiling in water) was measured, equal to 0.0075 - 0.123 g / min. A correlation has been shown between the glass transition temperature of polymers and their water resistance. A quantitative relationship has been obtained between the pour point and glass transition temperature of polymers t T = t s + (25 ? 35) ° C. It is shown that it is possible in principle to obtain, based on polymer ultraphosphates, highly heat-resistant inorganic thermoplastics with a pour point varying over a wide range. Tab. 1, ill. 5, bibliography: 14 titles.
The luminescence of alkaline borate glasses with the composition Li 2 O - B 2 O 3 and Na 2 O has been studied by pulsed cathodoluminescence. - B 2 O 3 . The results obtained are compared with the results of studying the anionic structure of these glasses. It was found that the intensity of cathodoluminescence increases with an increase in the proportion of alkali metals in the glass composition, is determined by the proportion of non-bridging MOB bonds in the structure of these glasses and differs in lithium and sodium glasses. Il. 2, bibliography: 13 titles.
The effect of ZrO 2 , P 2 O 5 , and F - -ion on the resistance of electrode glasses to fluorine-containing media has been studied. It was found that the most stable glasses are located in the region of the minimum molar content of P 2 O 5 (no more than 2.5%), with a molar content of ZrO 2 up to 3%. It is shown that when working glass electrodes with an active part made of experimental glasses, it is necessary to preliminary "soak" the electrode in an HF solution with a concentration of up to 1000 mg / l for 3-7 days. Il. 3, bibliography: 10 titles.
The operation of any spacecraft is associated with the danger of accidental collisions with the so-called space debris and the bombardment of various microparticles (meteorites). Both the MIR spacecraft and the International Space Station (ISS) have detected traces of impacts of meteorite microparticles in the form of fracture defects on the surface of quartz glass windows. To assess the danger of these defects, research is being carried out to find criteria for assessing the residual strength of quartz glass. In the defect zone, five destruction subzones were identified, the analysis of which shows that the 3rd and 4th subzones are dangerous stress concentrators. A method has been found for assessing the impact energy of microparticles from the morphology of defects. The impact energy was determined for a defect with a diameter of 2.5 mm, obtained on the window No. 13 of the ISS. Tab. 2, ill. eight.
The analysis of diffusion-chemical interactions in glasses of the K 2 O - PbO - SiO 2 system has been carried out. Interactions are considered from the kinetic point of view in relation to the structural features of glasses and the conditions of technological processes. Il. 6., bibliography: 18 titles.
The analysis of physical and chemical processes and individual factors affecting the homogeneity of the charge both when mixing the components of the charge in the mixer of the compound shop, and during its transportation and loading into the glass furnace. The influence of the humidification process on the quality of the charge is determined when receiving the glass charge, its transportation and loading into the furnace by charge loaders. Temperature factors have been determined that ensure the maintenance of the temperature of the charge when it is loaded into the furnace, not lower than 35 - 40 ° C. Determined the degree of carryover of the charge by the amount and components on the loading pocket and regenerators along the length of the glass-making furnace. Based on the results of the work, directions for further research are proposed to optimize the process of preparing the charge in order to increase the efficiency of the glass-making furnace. Il. 6., bibliography: 6 titles.
