The concept of constructing a mathematical model of a gas-electric glass-melting furnace is formulated. A system of calculated equations for external heat transfer is presented. The boundary conditions of the calculation are considered. Il. 2, bibliography: 3 titles.
Glasses were studied in the Al 2 O 3 - P 2 O 5 - SiO 2 suitable for producing green light filters used as traffic signal lights. The following requirements were imposed on glasses: maximum bandwidth at ? max = 500 nm, high temperature resistance and low LTEC - (41-49) * middot; 10 -7 K -1 . The dyes were transition elements, which were introduced into the charge in the form of oxides TiO 2 , V 2 O 5 , CuO, MoO 3 in the amount of 1% (mass fraction), as well as their pairs in various combinations. EPR and optical spectra were studied. It is shown that the glass composition (mass fraction,%): 55 P 2 O 5 ; 17,1 Al 2 O 3 ; 20 SiO 2 ; 1,5 La 2 O 3 ; 2 ZrO 2 ; 2.5 B 2 O 3 ; 1.5 MoO 3 ; 0.5 CuO can be recommended for use as heat-resistant green light filters. Il. 7, bibliography: 5 titles.
Within the framework of the model, which takes into account the different degree of interaction with each other of the structural elements that make up two-component glasses, methods are proposed for calculating the uniform compression modulus for glasses with homogeneous and heterogeneous structures. Lead-silicate and lead-borate glasses are considered as an example of the application of these calculation methods. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 5 titles.
Glass formation, crystallization ability, physicochemical properties, and spectral characteristics of glasses of the GeO 2 - TeO 2 - B 2 O 3 - PbO. The structural features of glasses are investigated and the coordination transitions of boron and germanium ions in their structure are revealed. A nonlinear dependence of the physicochemical properties of glasses on their composition and structure, interpreted by the manifestation of "borate and germanate" anomalies in glasses, has been established. Optical absorption spectra of glasses are characterized by a steep fundamental absorption edge at the border of the visible and UV regions of the spectrum, which allows them to be recommended for use as light filters that cut off the UV region. Il. 5, bibliography: 14 titles.
The problem of manufacturing a quartz glass cell by welding with CO 2 lasers is being solved. Thermophysical analysis of the process was carried out and its mathematical model was drawn up. Welding was carried out in two ways - overlap and T-seam. In both cases, the optimization of laser radiation parameters for welding quartz plates was performed. Il. 7, bibliography: 4 titles.
The results of studying the properties of low-melting lead-free glasses obtained on the basis of the system ZnO - Bi 2 O 3 - B 2 O 3 with additional introduction K 2 O, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 . The limits of change of temperatures of full spreading and temperatures of the beginning of softening are established. The calculated data on the TCLE and the refractive index of glasses are presented. Conclusions are drawn about the probable structural state of bismuth ions. Tab. 1, ill. 5, bibliography: 12 titles.
New information has been obtained on the structural changes occurring during the fluorination of natural crystalline quartz with ammonium hydrodifluoride. The morphological, structural and phase features of the samples of each stage of the process of fluoride processing of natural crystalline quartz have been studied. Studies of morphology, microstructure and dispersion were carried out by scanning electron microscopy. The phase composition of the samples was determined using X-ray phase analysis and IR spectroscopy. Il. 5, bibliography: 10 titles.
Partial sections of the BaO system - La 2 O 3 - B 2 O 3 - TiO 2 < / sub> - SiO 2 , regions of a stable glassy state are determined. The regularities of the influence of titanium, lanthanum and barium oxides on the crystallization ability of experimental glasses, optical and thermal characteristics have been established. Optical glass was obtained with a refractive index of 1.81, an average dispersion of 0.0187, an LTEC value of 76.8 x middot; 10 -7 К -1 , which can be recommended for obtaining high-refractive optical lenses, as well as glass for the light-guiding core of an optical fiber. Tab. 2, ill. 5, bibliography: 3 titles.
The separation of the components of the glass batch during its storage and transportation is considered. A study of segregation in a two-component soda - sand system was carried out. It is shown that soda, as a lighter material, almost completely passes into the upper layers of the charge. By studying the segregation of various fractions of powdered dolomite, it has been established that mechanical action on powdered dolomite leads to a redistribution of fractions: the coarse fraction is dislocated in the upper layers of the charge, and the small fraction remains below. Il. 4, bibliography: 1 title.
An approximation formula is proposed for calculating the viscosity of molten basalt glasses from the chemical composition of the initial mineral raw materials, obtained as a result of multivariate regression analysis of a set, including 27 rocks. In the simulation, the experimental values ??of the viscosity of the melts and the data on the content of oxides in the feed, determined by the X-ray fluorescence method, were used. The formula allows predicting the viscosity of melts at a given temperature with a high degree of accuracy. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 8 titles.
