The current state of research in the field of obtaining foam glass from siliceous rocks by a one-stage scheme is considered. The main technological principles underlying the pilot production of granulated foam glass based on diatomites are formulated. The production process is described and the main properties of the 5-10 mm fraction are given in comparison with the regulatory requirements.
The influence of the particle size of the charge and its mixing on the structure and properties of the foam slag glass is considered. At different temperatures, samples of foam slag glass were synthesized from a charge with different duration of mixing-grinding. Additional mixing of the charge makes it possible to obtain foam and slag glass with an improved macro- and microstructure.
A method of recording modified regions of an extended shape and complex structure, which can act as waveguide microstructures in the bulk of porous glass plates impregnated with solutions of silver salts, under the action of continuous radiation of an ytterbium fiber laser with a wavelength of 1.07 ?m, is considered. The results of studies of modified regions of an extended shape by optical methods are presented. Such microstructures in the volume of glass may well become the basic elements of fiber-optic systems for various purposes.
The features of the application of the multiple regression method for the mathematical description of technological processes in glass production are considered. The description of the methodology for choosing the structure of the regression model based on the analysis of the variation of the dependent variable in the normal course of the analyzed process is given. The efficiency of using the proposed technique in describing the technological process of forming a glass ribbon in a float bath is shown.
New oxyfluoride glasses of the SiO 2 - PbO - PbF 2 - CdF 2 system containing europium ions Eu 3+ have been synthesized and ytterbium Yb 3+ , their physicochemical properties, optical absorption and up-conversion luminescence were studied. Upon excitation in the IR spectral range with a commercially available laser diode, intense orange-red luminescence (color coordinates x = 0.64, y = 0.36) with a maximum at 612 nm was obtained. Glass is promising for the production of nanophase luminescent glass ceramics for use in up-conversion phosphors and solid-state lasers.
An effective mathematical model of elastic electronic polarization of a condensed matter material is considered. The results of computer modeling of optical spectra of four raw crystalline oxides, as well as the spectral properties of three different samples of refractory glasses resulting from them, are presented.
The effect of mechanical activation of the glass batch on the glass-making process and the mechanical strength of glass has been studied. It is shown that dry grinding of the charge to a specific surface area of ??1.1 m 2 / g leads to a decrease in the temperatures of silicate formation and glass formation by 100 - 150 ° C. Mechanical activation of the glass batch provides an increase in glass strength by more than 2 times.
The behavior of iron in the structure of sodium iron-containing borosilicate glasses with different ratios of network-forming cations and modifier cations was studied using the methods of M?ssbauer and vibrational spectroscopy. The difference in the distribution of modifier cations between different types of structural units in the structure of the initial and iron-containing sodium borosilicate glasses was established. With the addition of iron, the proportion of BO4 tetrahedra decreases and the BO3 triangles and the proportion of structural units Q 2 and Q 3 increase, containing nonbridging oxygen atoms. This is accompanied by the destruction of mixed silicon borate rings and the formation of Si-O-Fe 3+ bridging bonds and Si-O- nonbridging bonds coordinated by Fe 2+ ions.
The focal length and numerical aperture of a modified region of a complex structure in the volume of a porous glass plate are estimated. It is shown that when sintering a porous glass plate with a modified region, the complex structure of the modified region is retained. An assessment of the focal length and numerical aperture of a modified region of a complex structure in a quartz-shaped glass plate is carried out. It was found that sintering a porous glass plate with a modified area in a furnace contributes to a significant decrease in the focal length and an increase in the numerical aperture to 0.9.
The basic principles of controlling the thermal and technological modes of the glass-making process in furnaces for the production of sheet glass by the float method are presented. To ensure more efficient operation of the glass furnace, the fuel supply is redistributed over the cooking zone. The technical result of using a rational distribution of heat loads over the furnace burners is to reduce energy consumption for the cooking process and improve product quality. Maintaining a predetermined level of iron oxides in glass and controlling the redox potential during glass melting are important.
