Glass-crystalline materials have been obtained and tested, which can be used as sitallizing bonds for abrasive tools with a heat treatment temperature of 650 ° C. Their basic physical and chemical properties have been investigated. Tab. 3, ill. 1, bibliography: 5 titles.
Dependences have been established that characterize redox interactions in the production of amber and brown glasses using sodium sulfate with an excess of a reducing agent or blast-furnace slag in the mixture. All interactions and the resulting coloration are linked to the partial pressure of oxygen. The boundaries of obtaining stable amber glasses have been determined. The reduction potential of the charge, detected by the oxidimetric method, can be expressed in terms of the partial pressure of oxygen and is recommended for determination for colored and colorless glasses. Il. 4, bibliography: 4 titles.
The influence of some additives on the equilibrium of the valence forms of iron is considered. It was shown that tin and carbon reduce iron more strongly than fluorine. The redox potential of the glass matrix affects the equilibrium of the valence forms of iron significantly less than additives that correct the spectral characteristics of the glass. Tab. 4, bibliography: 6 titles.
Methods for determining the indicators of the lower (contacting with the tin melt) and upper (contacting with the gas atmosphere of the bath) surfaces of float glass are considered. Tab. 1, ill. 1, bibliography: 3 titles.
The analysis of the productivity of sectional glass-forming machines showed the presence of technological reserves in the domestic glass container production. The advantages of high-calcium compositions have been established by comparative analysis of physicochemical, technological and performance properties of alternative compositions of colorless container glass. The ways of their implementation in the technological process, contributing to an increase in the efficiency of the production of glass containers, are proposed. Tab. 2, ill. 2, bibliography: 6 titles.
It is shown that the hydrodynamics of the melting tank of a modern high-performance glass-making furnace depends on a set of interrelated factors. Along with the distribution of temperatures on the surface of the pool, determined by external heat exchange, the formation of convection flows is significantly influenced by the design of the pool, the conditions for loading the charge and the selection of molten glass, as well as the parameters of the working flow, determined by the specific productivity of the furnace. A joint consideration of the results of modeling the external heat transfer and the hydrodynamics of the pool allows us to conclude that, in relation to the investigated design of the furnace, the most appropriate is the heating mode in which the total length of the flame is equal to the length of the furnace. Il. 6, bibliography: 5 titles.
The film-forming ability of two-component systems containing Sb 2 O 3 , SnO 2 , CeO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Nd 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , V 2 O 5 , ZnO, CuO, CdO and Al 2 O 3 . The best film-formers are Sb 2 О 3 and SnО 2 , and ZnO, CuO, CdO and Al 2 О < sub> 3 optical quality films are not formed. The rest of the studied oxides at a molar content of 20 - 50% do not worsen the transparency of the coatings. A proportional relationship was established between the refractive index and the reflection coefficient of the films and the refractive indices of the oxides included in their composition, as well as between the concentration of the applied POR, the film-forming ability of the oxides, and the thickness of the films. Tab. 3, bibliography: 4 titles.
The possibility of using ferrochromic slag in glass production with its addition to the raw material more than 6% (up to 20%) is considered. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized samples were investigated, their performance characteristics (temperature range of molding, relative speed of the machine, crystallization index) were determined. Glass of this composition meets all the requirements for performance properties, it can be recommended for the production of narrow-necked green glass containers. Il. 3, bibliography: 4 titles.
Kinetic studies of the transformations of chromium oxides during heating of the charge and in the molten glass have been carried out. Various degrees of conversion of CrO 3 and Cr 2 O 3 have been shown. The conditions for the equilibrium of chromium oxides in the glass melt in the case of their joint presence have been determined. The conditions for the interaction of chromium and iron oxides in molten glass, including in the surface layer, in which an equilibrium of coloring oxides can be achieved in accordance with the conditions of interaction and the composition of the gas atmosphere, have also been investigated. Low rates of interaction processes in molten glass are due to its high viscosity and low values ??of diffusion coefficients. Il. 6, bibliography: 6 titles.
Phase transformations in glass mixtures during compaction are considered. A method for calculating and constructing phase diagrams has been proposed, which makes it possible to visually represent the qualitative and quantitative phase changes associated with the physicochemical processes occurring in the glass batch at individual stages of granulation, as well as to actively influence these processes in order to obtain a product with specified technological properties. Tab. 2, ill. 2, bibliography: 5 titles.
