The melting was carried out and the physicochemical properties of glasses of lithium-aluminosilicate composition and glass sitalls crystallized on their basis in a two-stage regime were investigated. The research results are presented. Tab. 1, ill. 2, bibliography: 2 titles.
The interaction of two elements of variable valence (As + Fe and As + Cr) has been studied in their joint presence in glasses of the four-component system K 2 O- B 2 O 3 - SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 . It is shown that with an increase in the basicity of the glass, the element located to the left in the redox series passes into the highest valence state. Recommendations are given for adjusting the concentrations of alternating valence elements in order to optimize the color (color) of colored and colorless glasses. Tab. 5, ill. 2, bibliography: 4 titles.
It is shown that the transformations of iron oxides during glass melting proceed mainly in the solid phase. The ratio of the two forms of iron oxides in the molten glass is determined by the temperature of the melt. Achieving equilibrium between the melt and the gaseous medium requires a long time due to the high viscosity of the melt and low diffusion coefficients. To ensure high performance of products, the stability of the composition of raw materials and technological parameters of cooking, including the thermal transparency of the melt, are required. Il. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.
The processes of glass melting and the influence of the quality of the charge on them are considered. The study was carried out on the basis of a heat engineering survey of large-capacity glass-melting furnaces and mathematical modeling. The permissible impulse and multi-impulse deviations of the composition of the charge from the given recipe are estimated. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 5 titles.
The glass formation, crystallization and physicochemical properties, as well as the structure of glasses of the PbO - ZnO - Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 - SiO 2 in section with constant molar content of glass-formers (B 2 O 3 + SiO 2 ) equal to 20%. A nonlinear dependence of the properties of glasses on their composition was revealed, due to a change in the coordination state of lead ions in the glass structure. The developed glasses are recommended to be used as a sealant and a sealant in the production of sensors of physical quantities of a new generation. Il. 3, bibliography: 10 titles.
The fundamentals of obtaining optically transparent glass-crystalline materials from industrial wastes are considered. The intensity of their transmission spectra in the visible region of the spectrum, the temperature dependence of the logarithm of the resistivity, thermal conductivity, and TCR are studied. It is shown that the addition of 30% lithium oxide to the composition of a glass-crystalline material leads to a decrease in its TCR. Il. 5, bibliography: 11 titles.
An algorithm for calculating the wave-like deformation of sheet glass under horizontal hardening conditions, which is fundamentally different from those developed earlier, is presented. The calculation of the minimum speed of glass transportation corresponding to its maximum permissible deformation has been carried out. The algorithm is recommended to be used when designing horizontal glass tempering lines. Il. 2, bibliography: 4 titles.
Using the example of industrial silicate optical crowns, the ability of glass melts of different composition to be clarified with arsenic and antimony oxides has been studied. It was found that the kinetics of the decomposition reaction of arsenic pentoxide, which is responsible for the removal of bubbles from the molten glass, is closely related to the redox potential of the melt. Practical recommendations are given. Tab. 4, bibliography: 7 titles.
The results of the synthesis by the sol-gel technology in an aqueous medium of a sodium silicate mixture for the manufacture of microspheres are presented. It was proved that without high-temperature treatment, crystalline phases were formed, which are marked on the Krachek diagram. A nomogram has been developed, which is recommended for use in glass design for modeling the phase composition for a given silicate modulus and structure connectivity factor, taking into account the influence of Na 2 O and SiO 2 on the properties of glass, as well as to determine the area of ??probable glass formation and to optimize the technological process. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 8 titles.
The possibility of using self-propagating crystallization, accompanied by the propagation of the front of a thermal crystallization wave, during the transition of foam silicate obtained on the basis of the compositions of the CaO - MgO - Al 2 O 3 - SiO 2 system by the method of reduction melting with the separation of the melt and subsequent cooling of the silicate part in the thermal shock mode, from the X-ray amorphous state to the crystalline state. The characteristics of the heat wave are given, the dependence of the speed of propagation of the heat wave on the dispersion of the foam silicate and the molding pressure of the products is established. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 6 titles.
