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The possibility of obtaining ceramics for construction purposes from the dumps of coal mines, in particular, waste heaps of the Kizelovsky coal basin of the Perm Territory is shown.
The use of oligopeptides contributes to an increase in the aggregate stability of dispersed systems and waste heaps, consisting of burnt and unburned ceramic rocks with enhanced physical and mechanical properties.
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The possibility of producing paving elements from glass waste and quartz dust is shown, which in terms of operational properties are not inferior to clinker paving elements and are significantly superior to paving elements based on fine-grained concrete.
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The influence of metallurgical slags on the drying properties of ceramic masses has been investigated. It has been experimentally established that the use of fine-grained slag helps to reduce the sensitivity of clay raw materials to drying. It was confirmed by electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and simultaneous thermal analysis that the slag grains have a highly developed porous surface, as a result of which part of the water introduced during the formation of ceramic masses is adsorbed on the surface of the slag grains. The role of fine-grained metallurgical slag in ceramic masses as a highly effective lean component is shown.
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A technology has been developed for the disposal of ash and slag wastes of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the production of mineral fibers using an electroplasma installation for melting silicate-containing materials and processing the resulting melt into mineral fibers. Research has been carried out on an electroplasma installation, raw materials and mineral fibers obtained on their basis.
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The possibility of producing heat-insulating glass-composite material based on slag waste from thermal power plants (foam slag glass) is considered. A series of foam slag glass compositions (PSHS) has been developed. Water absorption, density, apparent porosity, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity have been determined. The microstructure of PShS samples with optimal properties was investigated, the composition for the production of high-quality heat-insulating material was revealed.
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The possibility and expediency of using the ash of incineration plants as a component of the charge (ash content up to 70%) for the production of glass materials for construction purposes is shown.
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The properties of silicate composite materials (SCM) based on electrocorundum, which is a waste product of the electrometallurgical production of niobium, are presented. The scheme of SCM heat treatment is proposed. The developed SCM compositions are recommended for the protection of chemical production equipment.
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Black ceramic pigments based on open-hearth slag were obtained. The assessment of the possibility and sequence of physical and chemical processes during the firing of pigment mixtures has been carried out, and the nature of the color-bearing phases in the products of their heat treatment has been revealed. The relationship between the crystal phase composition and the optical indicators of the developed slag-containing pigments has been studied. The prospects of using such pigments for coloring various glaze coatings are shown.
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The technology of utilization of ash and slag waste and waste of oil shale in the production of mineral fibers using an electroplasma installation for melting silicate-containing materials and a scheme for additional heating of a jet of silicate melt at the outlet of the melting furnace is described. Research has been carried out on an electroplasma installation, raw materials and mineral fibers obtained on their basis. Tab. 1, ill. 3, bibliography: 3 titles.
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Optimal compositions of chemically resistant silicate composite materials (SCM) based on electrocorundum, which is a waste of the electrometallurgical production of niobium, have been proposed. The chemical composition of electrocorundum is established, X-ray phase, differential thermal analysis is carried out and the results of infrared spectroscopy are presented, an original composition of a ceramic mass based on electrocorundum is proposed, and the physicochemical properties of the obtained SCM are studied. The main characteristics of the material: chemical resistance - up to 99.9%, corrosion rate - 0.5-1 mm / year (resistant), water absorption - 4.4 - 5.4%, thermal resistance - 15-19, compressive strength - 8-16 MPa, shrinkage - 0.1 - 0.6%, abrasion - 0.01 g / cm
2 , adhesion strength - 0.5 - 0.6 Pa. Tab. 5, ill. 4, bibliography: 5 titles.
